Abstract Global warming aggravates mainly due to human activities, such as the massive use of fossil energy and excessive deforestation. Thus, reducing energy waste becomes has gained more importance. Thermal insulation materials with superlow thermal conductivity show notable potential in energy saving. Herein, an adiabatic hollow silica/polyacrylonitrile (SiO2-PAN) fibrous nanocomposite membrane was prepared via electrospinning. Hollow SiO2 spheres were prepared by using tetraethyl orthosilicate as a silica source and hydrothermal carbon spheres as the template. The thermal insulation property of PAN fibrous nanocomposite membrane can be enhanced by appending hollow SiO2 spheres. The solid conduction of the fibrous nanocomposite membrane was reduced by the addition of hollow SiO2 spheres. The composite fibrous nanocomposite membrane is flexible and achieves an optimal thermal conductivity of 16 mW/(m·K). The fibrous nanocomposite membrane can maintain its thermal insulation property and becomes hydrophobic after treatment with silicone oil. The developed membrane provides a new idea for the future development of thermal insulation materials.

中文翻译：

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中空二氧化硅/聚丙烯腈超低导热纤维纳米复合膜

摘要 全球变暖的加剧主要是由于人类活动，如大量使用化石能源和过度砍伐森林。因此，减少能源浪费变得更加重要。具有超低导热系数的绝热材料在节能方面具有显着潜力。在此，通过静电纺丝制备了绝热中空二氧化硅/聚丙烯腈（SiO2-PAN）纤维纳米复合膜。以原硅酸四乙酯为二氧化硅源，热液碳球为模板，制备了空心SiO2球体。PAN纤维纳米复合膜的隔热性能可以通过附加空心SiO2球来提高。通过添加空心 SiO2 球体降低了纤维状纳米复合膜的固体传导。复合纤维纳米复合膜具有柔韧性，最佳导热系数为 16 mW/(m·K)。纤维状纳米复合膜在用硅油处理后可保持其隔热性能并变为疏水性。所开发的膜材为未来保温材料的发展提供了新思路。