During recent decades, nucleic acid aptamers have emerged as powerful biological recognition elements for electrochemical affinity biosensors. These bioreceptors emulate or improve on antibody-based biosensors because of their excellent characteristics as bioreceptors, including limitless selection capacity for a large variety of analytes, easy and cost-effective production, high stability and reproducibility, simple chemical modification, stable and oriented immobilization on electrode surfaces, enhanced target affinity and selectivity, and possibility to design them in target-sensitive 3D folded structures. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of electrochemical aptasensor technology, focusing on novel aptamer-based electroanalytical assay configurations and providing examples to illustrate the different possibilities. Future prospects for this technology are also discussed. Graphical abstract.

中文翻译：

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基于核酸适体的电化学生物传感器。

在最近的几十年中，核酸适体已经成为电化学亲和力生物传感器的强大的生物识别元件。这些生物受体在基于抗体的生物传感器上可以模仿或改进，因为它们具有出色的生物受体特性，包括对多种分析物的无限选择能力，简便且经济高效的生产，高稳定性和可重复性，简单的化学修饰，稳定且定向的固定电极表面，增强的目标亲和力和选择性，以及在目标敏感的3D折叠结构中进行设计的可能性。这篇综述概述了电化学适体传感器技术的发展水平，重点介绍了基于新型适体的电分析检测配置，并提供了示例来说明不同的可能性。还讨论了该技术的未来前景。图形概要。