New insights into intestinal phages.,Mucosal Immunology

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New insights into intestinal phages.
Mucosal Immunology ( IF 7.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-06 , DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0250-5
R Sausset _{1,

2} , M A Petit ₁ , V Gaboriau-Routhiau _{1,

3,

4} , M De Paepe ₁

Affiliation

The intestinal microbiota plays important roles in human health. This last decade, the viral fraction of the intestinal microbiota, composed essentially of phages that infect bacteria, received increasing attention. Numerous novel phage families have been discovered in parallel with the development of viral metagenomics. However, since the discovery of intestinal phages by d'Hérelle in 1917, our understanding of the impact of phages on gut microbiota structure remains scarce. Changes in viral community composition have been observed in several diseases. However, whether these changes reflect a direct involvement of phages in diseases etiology or simply result from modifications in bacterial composition is currently unknown. Here we present an overview of the current knowledge in intestinal phages, their identity, lifestyles, and their possible effects on the gut microbiota. We also gather the main data on phage interactions with the immune system, with a particular emphasis on recent findings.

中文翻译：

对肠道噬菌体的新见解。

肠道微生物群在人类健康中发挥着重要作用。在过去的十年里，肠道微生物群的病毒部分（主要由感染细菌的噬菌体组成）受到越来越多的关注。随着病毒宏基因组学的发展，许多新的噬菌体家族被发现。然而，自从 d'Hérelle 于 1917 年发现肠道噬菌体以来，我们对噬菌体对肠道微生物群结构影响的了解仍然很少。在多种疾病中观察到病毒群落组成的变化。然而，目前尚不清楚这些变化是否反映了噬菌体直接参与疾病病因学，或者仅仅是细菌组成改变的结果。在这里，我们概述了肠道噬菌体的当前知识、它们的身份、生活方式以及它们对肠道微生物群的可能影响。我们还收集了噬菌体与免疫系统相互作用的主要数据，特别强调最近的发现。

更新日期：2020-01-06

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