Tracing of iron nanoparticles using an elemental signatures approach: laboratory and field-scale verification,Environmental Science: Nano

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Tracing of iron nanoparticles using an elemental signatures approach: laboratory and field-scale verification
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020/01/06 , DOI: 10.1039/c9en00799g
Petra Skácelová _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Pablo Lebed _{5,

6,

7,

8} , Jan Filip _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Deborah Oughton _{5,

6,

7,

8} , Radek Zbořil _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Nano-scale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is highly-attractive material that is widely studied and used for pollution abatement, and thus it is one of the most abundant types of engineered nanoparticles introduced into the environment. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of information about the extent of nZVI migration and fate in real groundwater conditions and associated environmental impact and risks related to its introduction into the groundwater/soil. The present paper proposes a new analytical approach based on a multi-elemental signatures (ICP-MS analyses of trace elements in particular nZVI type and soil/groundwater samples) enabling easy tracing of nZVI and their transformation products, as well as their distinguishing from background colloids. A multi-elemental signatures approach was verified under laboratory conditions (in a large-scale sand-filled tank) and subsequently verified at three contaminated sites remediated with nZVI. Multivariate data analysis on 39 elements, such as principle component analysis (PCA), demonstrates that the method can be used to observe changes in signatures over time and it enabled us to confirm the presence of nZVI in monitoring wells. PCA analysis indicated that lanthanides are particularly suitable for tracing nZVI particles.

中文翻译：

使用元素特征方法追踪铁纳米颗粒：实验室和现场规模验证

纳米级零价铁（nZVI）是一种极具吸引力的材料，已被广泛研究并用于减少污染，因此，它是引入环境中的最丰富的工程纳米颗粒之一。然而，仍然缺乏关于nZVI在真实地下水条件下迁移和命运的程度以及相关环境影响以及与将其引入地下水/土壤相关的风险的信息。本文提出了一种基于多元素特征的新分析方法（ICP-MS分析特定nZVI类型和土壤/地下水样品中的痕量元素），使nZVI及其转化产物的容易追踪以及与背景的区分成为可能胶体。在实验室条件下（在大型沙子填充的储罐中）验证了多元素签名方法，随后在由nZVI修复的三个受污染地点进行了验证。对39个元素的多变量数据分析，例如主成分分析（PCA），证明了该方法可用于观察特征随时间的变化，并使我们能够确认nZVI在监测井中的存在。PCA分析表明，镧系元素特别适合于追踪nZVI颗粒。

更新日期：2020-02-20

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