As the real-world effectiveness of quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) and inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) has varied in recent seasons, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to more precisely estimate effectiveness in the 2016-2017 season. Relevant studies were identified from a systematic review of published literature and personal communication with study investigators. Five studies conducted in Canada, Finland, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States were identified for inclusion. Data were analyzed using a random effects model, with heterogeneity testing and a sensitivity analysis restricted to test-negative case-control studies. Consolidated vaccine effectiveness estimates against all strains were 69% (95% CI: 46 to 82) for LAIV4 and 47% (95% CI: 29 to 61) for IIV. Heterogeneity testing was not statistically significant, indicating consistency of individual study results. In conclusion, LAIV4 and IIV showed moderate and comparable effectiveness against influenza in children during the 2016-2017 influenza season.

中文翻译：

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对2016-2017赛季LAIV4和IIV对6个月至17岁儿童的有效性进行系统的回顾和荟萃分析。

由于最近季节四价减毒活流感疫苗（LAIV4）和灭活流感疫苗（IIV）的实际效果有所不同，因此进行了系统的回顾和荟萃分析，以更准确地估算2016-2017赛季的效果。相关研究是通过对已发表文献的系统评价和与研究者的个人交流来确定的。确定在加拿大，芬兰，德国，英国和美国进行的五项研究被纳入。使用随机效应模型对数据进行分析，并进行异质性测试和仅限于阴性测试病例对照研究的敏感性分析。针对所有菌株的综合疫苗效力估计值，对于LAIV4为69％（95％CI：46至82），对于IIV为47％（95％CI：29至61）。异质性测试没有统计学意义，表明各个研究结果的一致性。总之，LAIV4和IIV在2016-2017流感季节对儿童的流感表现出中等和相当的效力。