In order to effectively solve the leakage problem and insufferably low thermal conductivity of organic phase-change materials (PCMs), three-dimensional (3D) spongy-like biological porous carbon (BPC) materials derived from eggplants were used as scaffolds for encapsulating polyethylene glycol (PEG) to fabricate shape-stabilized composite phase-change materials (ss-CPCMs). The relationship between the micro-morphology of the BPC and the heat-storage performance was assessed by controlling the post-pyrolysis temperature to regulate the micro-morphology of the carriers. It was found that the BPC consisting of nanopores and macropores with an average diameter of about 44.758 μm extended a high PEG loading (up to 90.1 wt%), while the hierarchical pores could prevent liquid leakage, enabling a melting enthalpy up to 149 J g⁻¹. The ss-CPCMs also demonstrated excellent thermal cycling properties with a 96.3% retention after 50 cycles. In addition, the hierarchically porous structure of the BPC provides a good network channel for the thermal motion of phonons, which significantly improved the thermal conductivity. Moreover, as an effective photon captor and molecular heater, it could meaningfully improve the solar-to-thermal conversion efficiency of PCM composites. Therefore, the BPC with hierarchical scaffolds and excellent thermal conductivity derived from biomass provides promising applications in PCMs via a low-cost and easy preparation process.

中文翻译：

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由茄子衍生的多孔碳支撑的形状稳定的相变材料，可有效地转换和存储太阳能

为了有效地解决有机相变材料（PCM）的泄漏问题和热导率极低的问题，将茄子衍生的三维（3D）海绵状生物多孔碳（BPC）材料用作封装聚乙二醇的支架（PEG）来制造形状稳定的复合相变材料（ss-CPCM）。通过控制热解后的温度来调节载体的微观形态，可以评估BPC的微观形态与储热性能之间的关系。发现由平均直径约为44.758μm的纳米孔和大孔组成的BPC扩展了较高的PEG负载量（高达90.1 wt％），而分层的孔可以防止液体泄漏，使熔化焓高达149 J g ^-1。ss-CPCMs还表现出出色的热循环性能，在50次循环后保留96.3％。此外，BPC的分层多孔结构为声子的热运动提供了良好的网络通道，从而显着提高了导热率。而且，作为一种有效的光子捕获器和分子加热器，它可以有意义地提高PCM复合材料的太阳热转换效率。因此，具有分层支架和源自生物质的出色导热性的BPC通过低成本且易于制备的过程在PCM中提供了有希望的应用。