Abstract

Natural fiber materials exhibit numerous advantages in the fields of oil absorption and oil–water separation owing to their abundant resources, low-cost, renewable and degradable characteristics. Herein, metaplexis japonica seed hair fiber (Mj-fiber), a hydrophobic natural fiber, is proposed as a promising candidate of oil-absorbing and oil–water separation fiber materials with excellent features such as surface superhydrophobicity, high hollow and cross-section heteromorphy. In particular, the oil-absorbing and oil–water separation abilities of such fibers are investigated for the first time. Some featured critical parameters, such as the surface static contact angle and spreading wetting process, oil absorption and oil–water separation performance of fiber assembly are systematically clarified. Mj-fibers possess outstanding superhydrophobic properties with remarkable static contact angle of 151.12°, whereas excellent lipophilicity with static contact angle of 0° against vegetable oil, motor oil and diesel oil. Mj-fibers also have good sorption capacities for vegetable oil, motor oil and diesel oil with 81.52, 77.62 and 57.22 g/g respectively, and oil retention capacities after 12 h with 79.1%, 75.4% and 72.0% respectively. More importantly, Mj-fibers as the filters exhibit an effective oil–water separation performance with high separation efficiency of 98% after four cycles, demonstrating its prominent reusability. Therefore, this work points out a new pathway of bio-based oil absorption material for water pollution caused by oil spill and other accidents with economical, environment-friendly and efficient solution.

中文翻译：

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Metaplexis japonica种子毛纤维：具有强大的油水分离特性的疏水性天然纤维

摘要

天然纤维材料因其丰富的资源，低成本，可再生和可降解的特性而在吸油和油水分离领域表现出众多优势。在此，作为疏水性天然纤维的初生粳稻种子毛纤维（Mj-纤维）被提出作为具有良好表面超疏水性，高空心度和截面异形性等特征的吸油和油水分离纤维材料的有前途的候选者。特别是，首次研究了这种纤维的吸油和油水分离能力。系统地阐明了一些重要的关键参数，例如表面静态接触角和铺展润湿过程，纤维组件的吸油率和油水分离性能。Mj纤维具有卓越的超疏水性能，与植物油，机油和柴油的静态接触角为151.12°，而卓越的亲脂性与静态接触角为0°。Mj纤维对植物油，机油和柴油的吸附能力也很好，分别为81.52、77.62和57.22 g / g，在12 h后的保油能力分别为79.1％，75.4％和72.0％。更重要的是，作为过滤器的Mj纤维表现出有效的油水分离性能，四个循环后的分离效率高达98％，证明了其出色的可重复使用性。因此，这项工作指出了一种生物基吸油材料的新途径，它以经济，环保和有效的解决方案来解决由溢油和其他事故引起的水污染。