Abstract The effect of different wheat cultivars (Pishtaz, Pishgam, Parsi, Sivand, Sirvan, Tajan, Zarrin, Alvand, Shahriar and Darya) on the life table parameters of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and its parasitoid Aphidius matricariae Haliday was determined based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. All experiments were implemented in a growth chamber at 25 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16 L: 8 D hours. The results revealed that different wheat cultivars significantly affected development time and population parameters of the second (aphid) and third (parasitoid) trophic levels in a tritophic system. The shortest development time of R. padi was observed on both Pishgam (5.00 ± 0.13 d) and Alvand (5.03 ± 0.08 d). The longest development time was obtained on Shahriar (7.98 ± 0.21 d). The highest values of population growth parameters of R. padi were obtained on the Pishgam and Alvand cultivars, showing high susceptibility of these cultivars to the R. padi infestation. The tritrophic experiments conducted on the cultivars Shahriar and Pishgam revealed that A. matricariae parasitized more aphids on Pishgam and allocated higher intrinsic rate of increase on this cultivar compared with the resistant one. Regardless of the resistance pattern, the highest age-stage parasitism rate of A. matricariae on R. padi occurred on the first day of oviposition. However, the life history traits of R. padi and A. matricariae both decreased on the resistant cultivar, and, as this reduction was less in the parasitoid wasp, the combination of a resistant wheat cultivar and A. matricariae have potential for controlling R. padi in an IPM program, though additional field trials are needed to confirm this.

中文翻译：

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小麦 (Triticum aestivum)、蚜虫 (Rhopalosiphum padi) 和寄生蜂 (Aphidius matricariae) 系统中的三营养相互作用

摘要 确定了不同小麦品种（Pishtaz、Pishgam、Parsi、Sivand、Sirvan、Tajan、Zarrin、Alvand、Shahriar 和 Darya）对蚜虫 Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) 及其寄生蜂 Aphidius matricariae Haliday 生命表参数的影响基于年龄阶段的两性生命表理论。所有实验均在 25 ± 1 °C、60 ± 5% RH 和 16 L 光周期：8 D 小时的生长室中进行。结果表明，不同的小麦品种显着影响了三营养系统中第二（蚜虫）和第三（寄生）营养级的发育时间和种群参数。在 Pishgam (5.00 ± 0.13 d) 和 Alvand (5.03 ± 0.08 d) 上观察到 R. padi 的最短发育时间。最长的开发时间是在 Shahriar (7.98 ± 0.21 d) 上获得的。在 Pishgam 和 Alvand 品种上获得了 R. padi 种群增长参数的最高值，表明这些品种对 R. padi 侵染的高度易感性。对品种 Shahriar 和 Pishgam 进行的三营养实验表明，与抗性品种相比，A. matricariae 在 Pishgam 上寄生了更多的蚜虫，并分配了更高的内在增长率。无论抵抗模式如何，A. matricariae 在 R. padi 上的最高年龄阶段寄生率发生在产卵的第一天。然而，R. padi 和 A. matricariae 的生活史特征在抗性品种上均有所下降，并且由于寄生蜂的这种减少较少，因此抗性小麦品种和 A. matricariae 的组合具有控制 R. matricariae 的潜力。 IPM 程序中的 padi，