Abstract Rodents are a major pest of rice throughout Southeast Asia, causing both pre- and post-harvest losses. In Cambodia, where 90% of the cultivated land is used for rice production, rodent damage to rice can cause significant impacts to smallholder farmers’ livelihoods and to food security. To help smallholder farmers minimize yield losses from rodent pests, adaptive research experiments were established in two villages in Takeo province. In each village, three replicate 5-ha sites were selected for treatment and three for control. In each treatment site, groups of farmers implemented ecologically-based rodent management (EBRM) methods over two rice cropping seasons. The management methods were adapted based on the local situation and preferred practices of farmers and included maintaining basic hygiene in field margins, synchronous planting of rice crops, community rat hunts, no electric fencing and the implementation of a Community Trap Barrier System (CTBS) along with a Linear Trap Barrier System (LTBS) in an area of intensive rice monoculture, and a LTBS with targeted and limited bromadiolone rodenticide in an area growing recession rice on lake margins. Over 130 rats were caught at each treatment site per season and rodent damage levels were reduced from a mean of 22–34% per site and season in the non-treatment sites to less than 6% in the treatment sites. Following the implementation of EBRM, rice yields were, on average, 20–32% higher in the treatment sites than in the non-treatment sites, giving a 53–169% increase in net income and a benefit-cost ratio ranging from 3:1 to 11:1 per season. We show that rodent damage to rice in Cambodia and the associated yield loss can be significantly reduced following the implementation of cost-efficient EBRM approaches that were locally adapted to village-specific agro-ecological and social conditions. We conclude by discussing incentives that support the adoption of these practices by smallholder farming communities.

中文翻译：

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在柬埔寨通过基于社区的管理方法解决水稻啮齿动物害虫的定制解决方案

摘要 啮齿动物是整个东南亚水稻的主要害虫，会造成收获前和收获后的损失。在柬埔寨，90% 的耕地用于水稻生产，啮齿动物对水稻的破坏会对小农的生计和粮食安全造成重大影响。为了帮助小农最大限度地减少啮齿动物害虫造成的产量损失，在武雄省的两个村庄开展了适应性研究实验。在每个村庄，选择三个重复的 5 公顷场地进行处理，选择三个重复的场地进行控制。在每个处理点，农民小组在两个水稻种植季节实施了基于生态的啮齿动物管理 (EBRM) 方法。管理方法根据当地情况和农民的首选做法进行了调整，包括在田地边缘保持基本卫生，水稻作物的同步种植、社区捕鼠、无电围栏以及在集约化水稻单一栽培地区实施社区陷阱屏障系统 (CTBS) 和线性陷阱屏障系统 (LTBS)，以及具有针对性和有限性的 LTBS溴敌隆杀鼠剂在湖边种植衰退稻的地区。每个季节在每个治疗地点捕获超过 130 只老鼠，啮齿动物的伤害水平从非治疗地点每个地点和季节的平均 22-34% 降低到治疗地点的不到 6%。实施 EBRM 后，处理地点的水稻产量平均比非处理地点高 20-32%，净收入增加 53-169%，收益成本比为 3：每季 1 到 11:1。我们表明，在实施适合当地村庄特定农业生态和社会条件的具有成本效益的 EBRM 方法后，可以显着减少啮齿动物对柬埔寨水稻的破坏和相关的产量损失。我们最后讨论了支持小农社区采用这些做法的激励措施。