We discussed the most recent efforts in wheat functional genomics to discover new genes and their deployment in breeding with special emphasis on advances in Asian countries. Wheat research community is making significant progress to bridge genotype-to-phenotype gap and then applying this knowledge in genetic improvement. The advances in genomics and phenomics have intrigued wheat researchers in Asia to make best use of this knowledge in gene and trait discovery. These advancements include, but not limited to, map-based gene cloning, translational genomics, gene mapping, association genetics, gene editing and genomic selection. We reviewed more than 57 homeologous genes discovered underpinning important traits and multiple strategies used for their discovery. Further, the complementary advancements in wheat phenomics and analytical approaches to understand the genetics of wheat adaptability, resilience to climate extremes and resistance to pest and diseases were discussed. The challenge to build a gold standard reference genome sequence of bread wheat is now achieved and several de novo reference sequences from the cultivars representing different gene pools will be available soon. New pan-genome sequencing resources of wheat will strengthen the foundation required for accelerated gene discovery and provide more opportunities to practice the knowledge-based breeding.

中文翻译：

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用于基因发现和育种应用的小麦基因组学评估：特别强调亚洲的进步。

我们讨论了最近在小麦功能基因组学中发现新基因的努力及其在育种中的应用，特别强调了亚洲国家的进展。小麦研究界在弥合基因型与表型之间的差距方面取得了重大进展，然后将这些知识应用于遗传改良。基因组学和表型组学的进步吸引了亚洲小麦研究人员在基因和性状发现中充分利用这些知识。这些进步包括但不限于基于图谱的基因克隆、翻译基因组学、基因作图、关联遗传学、基因编辑和基因组选择。我们回顾了超过 57 个同源基因，这些基因支持重要特征和用于发现它们的多种策略。更远，讨论了小麦表型组学和分析方法的互补性进步，以了解小麦适应性遗传学、对极端气候的适应力以及对病虫害的抵抗力。构建面包小麦黄金标准参考基因组序列的挑战现已完成，代表不同基因库的品种的几个从头参考序列将很快可用。新的小麦泛基因组测序资源将为加快基因发现奠定基础，为实践知识育种提供更多机会。构建面包小麦黄金标准参考基因组序列的挑战现已完成，代表不同基因库的品种的几个从头参考序列将很快可用。新的小麦泛基因组测序资源将为加快基因发现奠定基础，为实践知识育种提供更多机会。构建面包小麦黄金标准参考基因组序列的挑战现已完成，代表不同基因库的品种的几个从头参考序列将很快可用。新的小麦泛基因组测序资源将为加快基因发现奠定基础，为实践知识育种提供更多机会。