The weight parameter plays an important role in groundwater quality assessment. Importance scale weighting model (ISWM) and entropy weighting model (EWM) are the most common weighing models in conventional literatures. However, ISWM is significantly by the experts’ subjective cognitions, which makes it difficult to generate a unique weight parameter and water quality index (WQI). EWM often neglects the indicator with a serious pollution condition, which makes the assessment result overoptimistic. To solve this problem, this study designs a new health risk weighting model (HRWM). For the pollutant with a higher health risk, a larger weight is assigned; and vice versa. And then, HRWM is applied into the groundwater quality evaluation of Jiamusi City as an illustration. The result shows that HRWM keeps the uniqueness of the weight parameter and the final WQI result, and avoids the overoptimistic phenomenon in assessment result. The groundwater quality of Jiamusi City is under a medium degree of threat or impairment. To further improve the groundwater quality, the environmental managers should adopt more measures to decrease the manganese in the water resources area.

权重参数在地下水质量评估中起着重要作用。重要性尺度加权模型（ISWM）和熵加权模型（EWM）是传统文献中最常见的加权模型。但是，ISWM很大程度上取决于专家的主观认知，因此很难生成唯一的重量参数和水质指数（WQI）。EWM经常忽略污染严重的指标，这使得评估结果过于乐观。为了解决这个问题，本研究设计了一种新的健康风险加权模型（HRWM）。对于具有较高健康风险的污染物，应分配更大的权重；和反之亦然。然后，将HRWM应用于佳木斯市地下水水质评价。结果表明，HRWM保留了权重参数和最终WQI结果的唯一性，避免了评估结果过于乐观的现象。佳木斯市的地下水水质处于中等程度的威胁或损害程度。为了进一步改善地下水水质，环境管理人员应采取更多措施减少水资源区的锰含量。