Abstract The Mexico City region, like many other densely populated regions in the world, has problems in guaranteeing the supply of drinking water to its inhabitants. Its groundwater flow system is subject to intensive exploitation. To ensure proper water management, it is important to understand the behavior of groundwater flow system components under conditions of intensive exploitation. In this study, we analyzed 169 samples from drinking water supply wells, according to their chemistry. The principal components of the flow system were inferred using exploratory statistical analysis and analysis of the mixture of the end-members of the hydrochemical dataset. Four components were identified: (1) waters of recent infiltration and local circulation, (2) waters with evidence of intermediate chemical evolution, (3) waters that are chemically more evolved and of large flow trajectories, (4) waters that are chemically more evolved and of deep circulation. A relationship between the components, the structural geology, and the recharge zones was established. The mixing proportion of the four components in each water sample extracted from drinking water wells was identified. It was observed that the faults and the design of screened section of the well tubes influenced the mixtures captured by the wells. The impact generated by the intensive exploitation with respect to the distribution of the components within the flow system was evaluated.

中文翻译：

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识别受集约开发的复杂地下水流系统的组成部分

摘要 墨西哥城地区与世界上许多其他人口稠密的地区一样，在保证其居民的饮用水供应方面存在问题。其地下水流系统受到集约开发。为了确保适当的水管理，了解地下水流系统组件在集约开发条件下的行为非常重要。在这项研究中，我们根据其化学成分分析了来自饮用水供应井的 169 个样品。流动系统的主要成分是使用探索性统计分析和对水化学数据集端元混合物的分析来推断的。确定了四个组成部分：(1) 最近渗透和局部循环的水，(2) 有中间化学演化证据的水，(3) 化学演化程度更高且流动轨迹大的水域， (4) 化学演化程度更高且循环深度较深的水域。建立了组分、构造地质和补给带之间的关系。确定了从饮用水井中提取的每个水样中四种组分的混合比例。据观察，井管的断层和筛管段的设计影响了井捕获的混合物。评估了密集开发对流系统内组件分布的影响。确定了从饮用水井中提取的每个水样中四种组分的混合比例。据观察，井管的断层和筛管段的设计影响了井捕获的混合物。评估了密集开发对流系统内组件分布的影响。确定了从饮用水井中提取的每个水样中四种组分的混合比例。据观察，井管的断层和筛管段的设计影响了井捕获的混合物。评估了密集开发对流系统内组件分布的影响。