Abstract The aim of our research was to estimate the amount of energy, C, N and P that potentially could be extracted from the plant biomass harvested annually in the Narew National Park (NE Poland). We found that the conversion of biomass through anaerobic digestion (AD) delivers not only power and heat but also ensures the recovery of nutrients and organic matter for their reuse in agriculture. The most productive community with the highest biomass yield was reed bed of Phragmites australis (9.78 ± 1.66 t d.w. ha−1). It was followed by Phalaridetum and tall sedge communities with Carex elata and C. gracilis (6–7 t d.w. ha−1), rushes of Glyceria maxima (3.61 ± 0.63 t d.w. ha−1), and sedge moss communities with C. lasiocarpa (~1 t d.w. ha−1). Annual vegetation management would result in ~33·103 t d.w. of biomass. The primary net energy output was related to the productivity of the vegetation and ranged from ~17 GJ ha−1 for the sedge moss communities to 160 GJ ha−1 for Phragmitetum australis. The methane potential of the studied species was low and varied between 89 Nm3 t−1 d.w. for Phragmites and 188 NL kg−1 d.w. for Glyceria maxima. Consequently, the unit related net gain of energy in CH4 ranged between 23 and 30 GJ ha−1 for the perennial grasses and tall-sedge communities, and 3.5 GJ ha−1 for the low-productivity sedge-moss communities. As a result of low energy inputs for harvesting, the wetland biomass exhibited a favorable energy balance. The annual potential of CH4 for the whole studied valley section was 3286 ± 439·103 m3 resulting in net electricity potential of ~9.1 GWh and waste heat –32.3 TJ. An “average” hectare of wetland could power 1.2 household and provide 1010.4 ± 169.4 kg of C, 117.8 ± 19.6 kg of N, and 11.9 ± 2.0 of P applied do crop soils along with a digestate.

中文翻译：

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闭环——从湿地生物质中回收养分和能量

摘要 我们研究的目的是估计可以从 Narew 国家公园（波兰东北部）每年收获的植物生物质中提取的能量、C、N 和 P 的数量。我们发现，通过厌氧消化 (AD) 进行的生物质转化不仅可以提供电力和热量，还可以确保回收养分和有机物质，以便在农业中再利用。具有最高生物量产量的最具生产力的群落是芦苇芦苇床（9.78 ± 1.66 t dw ha-1）。紧随其后的是具有苔草和 C. gracilis (6–7 t dw ha−1)、Glyceria maxima (3.61 ± 0.63 t dw ha−1) 和 C. lasiocarpa 莎草苔藓群落的 Phalaridetum 和高莎草群落(~1 t dw ha−1)。年度植被管理将产生~33·103 t dw 的生物量。初级净能量输出与植被的生产力有关，范围从莎草苔藓群落的约 17 GJ ha-1 到 Phragmitetum australis 的 160 GJ ha-1。研究物种的甲烷潜力很低，在芦苇的 89 Nm3 t-1 dw 和 Glyceria maxima 的 188 NL kg-1 dw 之间变化。因此，多年生草类和高莎草群落的 CH4 单位相关净能量增益介于 23 和 30 GJ ha-1 之间，而低生产力莎草苔藓群落的单位相关净能量增益介于 3.5 GJ ha-1 之间。由于用于收获的能量输入较低，湿地生物质表现出良好的能量平衡。整个研究河谷段的 CH4 年潜力为 3286±439·103 m3，净电潜力约为 9.1 GWh，余热为 –32.3 TJ。“平均”公顷的湿地可以为 1 提供动力。