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Complete vivipary behavior detected in the epiphytic Tillandsia recurvata L. (Ball moss) in the Chihuahuan Desert in two continuous years
Journal of Arid Environments ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.103993
Francisco Javier Pérez-Noyola , Joel Flores , Laura Yáñez-Espinosa , Enrique Jurado , Edilia De La Rosa-Manzano , Ernesto Badano

Abstract Vivipary implies that seeds germinate inside the fruit still attached to the mother plant. Vivipary may constitute an adaptive trait, which may allow the quick establishment of seedlings in harsh environments. The Bromeliaceae includes ca. 3,140 species in many ecosystems, but vivipary appears to be infrequent in bromeliad epiphytes. In this research, we studied the vivipary incidence in Tillandsia recurvata from the Southern Chihuahuan Desert, during two years. We collected one fruit from each of five T. recurvata individuals, in ten Prosopis laevigata trees (50 fruits in total) inside 1 ha. These trees were at least 10 m apart. Fruit collection was conducted on September 7, 2016, and August 20, 2017, after fruit ripening and during the rainy season. Collected fruits were cleaned and opened to quantify the number of viviparous seedlings within each of them during 2016 and 2017. Vivipary incidence (%) in the collected fruits was not statistically analyzed because we found 100% of viviparous seedlings in both collection years. There were on average 69.59 and 71.44 seedlings per fruit per individual in 2016 and 2017, respectively. We attached groups of seedlings (all seedlings from each fruit) together, to mesquite branches and monitored seedling survival every two weeks for one year. At least one seedling lived from 66% of the fruits after 1 yr. Complete vivipary incidence in T. recurvata is probably adaptive because roots of seedlings may attach to hosts more readily than seeds without roots.

中文翻译:

连续两年在奇瓦环沙漠附生铁兰(球苔)中检测到完整的胎生行为

摘要 Vivipary 意味着种子在仍然附着在母株上的果实内发芽。Vivipary 可能构成一种适应性特征,这可能允许在恶劣的环境中快速建立幼苗。凤梨科包括约。许多生态系统中有 3,140 种,但凤梨科附生植物中胎生似乎很少见。在这项研究中,我们研究了两年内来自南奇瓦环沙漠的 Tillandsia recurvata 的胎生发生率。我们从 1 公顷内的 10 棵 Prosopis laevigata 树(共 50 棵果实)中从 5 个 T. recurvata 个体中采集了一个果实。这些树相距至少 10 m。采果时间为2016年9月7日和2017年8月20日,果实成熟后雨季。在 2016 年和 2017 年期间,对采集的果实进行清洁和打开,以量化每个果实中的胎生幼苗数量。未对采集的果实中的胎生发生率 (%) 进行统计分析,因为我们在两个采集年份都发现了 100% 的胎生幼苗。2016 年和 2017 年,平均每果个体分别有 69.59 和 71.44 株幼苗。我们将成组的幼苗(每个果实的所有幼苗)连接到豆科灌木的枝条上,并在一年中每两周监测幼苗的存活率。1 年后,至少有 66% 的果实存活了 1 株幼苗。T. recurvata 的完全胎生发生率可能是适应性的,因为幼苗的根可能比没有根的种子更容易附着在宿主上。未对收集的果实中的胎生发生率 (%) 进行统计分析,因为我们在两个收集年份都发现了 100% 的胎生幼苗。2016 年和 2017 年,平均每果个体分别有 69.59 和 71.44 株幼苗。我们将成组的幼苗(每个果实的所有幼苗)连接到豆科灌木的枝条上,并在一年中每两周监测幼苗的存活率。1 年后,至少有 66% 的果实存活了 1 株幼苗。T. recurvata 的完全胎生发生率可能是适应性的,因为幼苗的根可能比没有根的种子更容易附着在宿主上。未对收集的果实中的胎生发生率 (%) 进行统计分析,因为我们在两个收集年份都发现了 100% 的胎生幼苗。2016 年和 2017 年,平均每果个体分别有 69.59 和 71.44 株幼苗。我们将成组的幼苗(每个果实的所有幼苗)连接到豆科灌木的枝条上,并在一年中每两周监测幼苗的存活率。1 年后,至少有 66% 的果实存活了 1 株幼苗。T. recurvata 的完全胎生发生率可能是适应性的,因为幼苗的根可能比没有根的种子更容易附着在宿主上。我们将成组的幼苗(每个果实的所有幼苗)连接到豆科灌木的枝条上,并在一年中每两周监测幼苗的存活率。1 年后,至少有 66% 的果实存活了 1 株幼苗。T. recurvata 的完全胎生发生率可能是适应性的,因为幼苗的根可能比没有根的种子更容易附着在宿主上。我们将成组的幼苗(每个果实的所有幼苗)连接到豆科灌木的枝条上,并在一年中每两周监测幼苗的存活率。1 年后,至少有 66% 的果实存活了 1 株幼苗。T. recurvata 的完全胎生发生率可能是适应性的,因为幼苗的根可能比没有根的种子更容易附着在宿主上。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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