Contemporary process management systems support users during the execution of predefined business processes. However, when unforeseen situations occur, which are not part of the process model serving as the template for process execution, contemporary technology is often unable to offer adequate user support. One solution to this problem is to allow for ad-hoc changes to process models, i.e., changes that may be applied on the fly to a running process instance. As opposed to the widespread activity-centric process modeling paradigm, for which the support of instance-specific ad-hoc changes is well researched, albeit not properly supported by most commercial process engines, there is no corresponding support for ad-hoc changes in other process support paradigms, such as artifact-centric or object-aware process management. This article presents concepts for supporting ad-hoc changes in data-centric and data-driven processes, and gives insights into the challenges to be tackled when implementing this kind of process flexibility in the PHILharmonicFlows process execution engine. We evaluated the concepts by implementing a proof-of-concept prototype and applying it to various scenarios. The development of advanced flexibility features is highly relevant for data-centric processes, as the research field is generally perceived as having low maturity compared to activity-centric processes.

当代流程管理系统在预定义的业务流程执行期间为用户提供支持。但是，当发生不可预见的情况时，这些情况不是作为过程执行模板的过程模型的一部分，现代技术通常无法提供足够的用户支持。该问题的一种解决方案是允许对流程模型进行临时更改，即可以即时应用于正在运行的流程实例的更改。与广泛的以活动为中心的流程建模范式相反，对于该实例，已经针对特定于实例的临时更改进行了充分的研究，尽管大多数商业流程引擎没有适当地支持它，但是在其他商业流程引擎中没有相应的支持流程支持范例，例如以工件为中心或对象感知的流程管理。本文介绍了用于支持以数据为中心和以数据为中心的流程中的临时更改的概念，并深入了解了在PHILharmonicFlows流程执行引擎中实现这种流程灵活性时要解决的挑战。我们通过实现概念验证原型并将其应用于各种场景来评估这些概念。先进的灵活性功能的开发与以数据为中心的流程高度相关，因为与以活动为中心的流程相比，研究领域通常被认为成熟度较低。我们通过实现概念验证原型并将其应用于各种场景来评估这些概念。先进的灵活性功能的开发与以数据为中心的流程高度相关，因为与以活动为中心的流程相比，研究领域通常被认为成熟度较低。我们通过实现概念验证原型并将其应用于各种场景来评估这些概念。先进的灵活性功能的开发与以数据为中心的流程高度相关，因为与以活动为中心的流程相比，研究领域通常被认为成熟度较低。