The sustainability of groundwater abstractions for irrigation practices must be monitored to achieve a long-term equilibrium in aquifers. The accounting of irrigation water requirements in river basin management plans is commonly and mainly calculated by combining the average multiannual irrigated surface estimates and the unitary crop water requirements. However, remote sensing approaches allow water managers to incorporate more dynamic knowledge of a territory by monitoring irrigated crops. Hence, time series of biophysical products processed from Earth Observation data for 4 years (2010–2013) were incorporated into a remote sensing-based soil water balance to estimate spatially distributed irrigation water requirements on a monthly time scale over a semiarid environment, where agricultural practices greatly depend on groundwater resources. The simulated monthly water abstractions were then evaluated regarding monthly groundwater level changes recorded from a piezometric network. The results indicated that groundwater level changes on a monthly scale could be explained in more than 75% of the cases. Therefore, a simple remote sensing-based approach brings temporally and spatially distributed information of great practical value to river basin water managers according to their management necessities.

中文翻译：

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基于遥感的土壤水平衡在大灌区地下水抽取核算中的应用

必须监测用于灌溉的地下水抽取的可持续性，以实现含水层的长期平衡。流域管理计划中灌溉需水量的核算通常主要通过将多年平均灌溉地表估算值与单一作物需水量相结合来计算。然而，遥感方法允许水资源管理者通过监测灌溉作物来整合更多关于领土的动态知识。因此，从 4 年（2010-2013 年）地球观测数据处理的生物物理产品的时间序列被纳入基于遥感的土壤水平衡，以估计半干旱环境中每月时间尺度上空间分布的灌溉用水需求，其中农业实践在很大程度上取决于地下水资源。然后根据从测压网络记录的每月地下水位变化来评估模拟的每月取水量。结果表明，在超过 75% 的案例中，可以解释每月地下水位变化的原因。因此，一种简单的基于遥感的方法可以根据流域水资源管理者的管理需要为他们带来具有重要实用价值的时空分布信息。