Abstract

Slip-related falls can be induced by instability or limb collapse, but the key factors that determine these two fall causations remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that contribute towards instability-induced and limb-collapse-induced slip-related falls by investigating 114 novel slip trials. The segment angles and moments of the recovery limb after slip-onset from pre-left-touchdown (pre-LTD) to post-left-touchdown (post-LTD) were calculated, and logistic regression was used to detect which variable contributed most to instability-induced and limb-collapse-induced falls. The results showed that recovery from instability was determined by the angle of the thigh at LTD (87.7%), while recovery from limb collapse was determined by the angle of the shank at post-LTD (90.4%). Correspondingly, instability-induced falls were successfully predicted (81.5%) based on the initial thigh angle at pre-LTD and the following peak thigh moment, while limb-collapse-induced falls were successfully predicted (85.5%) based on the initial shank angle at LTD and the following peak shank moment. According to our findings, taking a shorter recovery step and/or increasing the counterclockwise moment of the thigh after pre-LTD would help individuals resist instability-induced falls, while taking a larger recovery step and/or increasing the clockwise moment of the shank post-LTD would help resist limb-collapse-induced falls. The findings of this study are crucial for future clinical applications, because individually tailored reactive balance training could be provided to reduce vulnerability to specific types of falls and improve recovery rates post-slip exposure.

中文翻译：

---

恢复下肢节段在滑移后确定由于不稳定性或肢体倒塌而引起的跌倒中的作用

摘要

与滑倒有关的跌倒可能是由不稳定或肢体塌陷引起的，但确定这两个跌倒原因的关键因素仍然未知。这项研究的目的是通过调查114项新的滑动试验来研究导致不稳定性诱发和肢体塌陷诱发的滑倒相关跌倒的因素。计算了从左触地前（pre-LTD）到左触地后（post-LTD）发生滑脱后恢复肢的节段角和力矩，并使用logistic回归检测哪个变量对不稳定引起的肢体崩溃和跌倒。结果表明，从不稳定性的恢复取决于LTD的大腿角度（87.7％），而从肢体塌陷的恢复取决于LTD的后肢的角度（90.4％）。相应地，根据pre-LTD的初始大腿角度和随后的大腿峰值力矩成功预测了失稳引起的跌倒（81.5％），而基于LTD的初始柄角成功预测了肢体崩溃引起的跌倒（85.5％）以及随后的峰值小腿力矩。根据我们的发现，在pre-LTD后采取较短的恢复步骤和/或增加大腿的逆时针力矩将有助于个人抵御不稳定引起的跌倒，同时采取较大的恢复步骤和/或增加小腿柱的顺时针力矩。 -LTD将有助于抵抗四肢崩溃引起的跌倒。这项研究的发现对于未来的临床应用至关重要，