Surface modification—altering geometric structures or surface energy—is a key factor in improving liquid resistance/repellency on a solid surface. In particular, roughness from geometric structures provides void spaces that enhance energy barriers in nanofibers that a liquid droplet should overcome to penetrate, thus preventing the transition of a liquid drop from the Cassie–Baxter state to Wenzel state. In this work, the design of a geometric structure that performs highly in liquid resistance/repellency was proposed by extending the Cassie–Baxter model into cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers, entrapping SiO₂ nanoparticles, and examining the impact of void spaces created by the entrapped SiO₂ into nanofibers in prediction and experiment. The extended Cassie–Baxter equation was simplified using H*, which is characterized by T_np. The prediction and measurement of the apparent contact angle \( \theta_{nf} \) in CA-SiO₂ nanofabrics showed good agreement, and the results emphasized the role of void space in improving liquid resistance/repellency while minimizing chemical treatments for altering surface energy and geometric structure.

中文翻译：

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醋酸纤维素纳米纤维的几何结构改性及其对耐液/拒水性的影响

表面改性（改变几何结构或表面能）是提高固体表面的耐液体性/疏水性的关键因素。特别是，来自几何结构的粗糙度提供了空隙空间，可增强液滴应克服的纳米纤维能量屏障的渗透能力，从而防止液滴从Cassie-Baxter状态转变为Wenzel状态。在这项工作中，通过将Cassie-Baxter模型扩展到醋酸纤维素（CA）纳米纤维中，截留SiO ₂纳米颗粒，并检查由硅酸盐形成的空隙对空间的影响，提出了一种在耐液体/拒液性方面表现优异的几何结构设计。夹带SiO ₂进入纳米纤维的预测和实验。使用H *简化了扩展的Cassie–Baxter方程，其特征是T _np。CA-SiO ₂纳米织物中表观接触角\（\ theta_ {nf} \）的预测和测量显示出良好的一致性，结果强调了空隙空间在提高耐液性/斥水性的同时最小化用于改变表面的化学处理的作用。能量和几何结构。