Women might experience modulation in their perception and cognition of colours and odours during the menstrual cycle, but how women's impressions of and correspondence between colours and odours differ according to the cycle changes remains unknown. Here, we experimentally examined women's performance of several tasks, including evaluation of impressions of colours and odours, matching/nonmatching of colours with odours, and identification of odours, comparing two phases: the beginning of menstruation and ovulation. The results showed that participants had similar impressions of colours and odours and made similar colour choices for odours in both the menstrual and ovulation phases, while “pleasant‐unpleasant” impressions of colour and odour might vary according to the menstrual cycle. We found no significant differences in odour identification between the phases. The findings imply that hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle might affect “pleasant‐unpleasant” impressions of colour and odour but not other features regarding impressions or crossmodal correspondence. In future studies, examination with a large number of participants is necessary.

中文翻译：

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女性在月经周期中的色觉对应：月经和排卵期的比较分析

女性在月经周期可能对颜色和气味的感知和认知有所调节，但是根据周期的变化，女性对颜色和气味的印象以及对应关系如何不同仍然未知。在这里，我们通过实验检查了女性在多项任务中的表现，包括评估颜色和气味的印象，颜色与气味的匹配/不匹配以及气味的识别，比较了两个阶段：月经开始和排卵。结果表明，参与者在月经和排卵期对颜色和气味的印象相似，并且对气味的颜色选择相似，而颜色和气味的“愉悦-不愉快”印象可能会因月经周期而异。我们发现相之间的气味识别没有显着差异。这些发现暗示，月经周期中的荷尔蒙变化可能会影响颜色和气味的“令人愉悦-令人不愉快的”印象，但不会影响有关印象或交叉模式对应的其他特征。在以后的研究中，需要有大量参与者进行检查。