Machine‐to‐machine (M2M) communications being pivotal for internet of things (IoT) networks are characterized by low‐cost, low complexity, and often energy constrained terminals with low traffic duty cycle. Satellite networks provide an attractive low‐cost solution for such application, in particular when the terminals (both fixed and mobile) are distributed over a wide geographical area not well served by terrestrial infrastructure. An ALOHA random access (RA) scheme is a natural candidate for M2M communications since it is well matched to sporadic traffic, and it requires little terminals coordination. However, the classical ALOHA scheme suffers from a low throughput when operated in a load region requiring low probability of packet loss. To overcome this intrinsic ALOHA limitation, in the last decade, a lot of effort has been devoted to the investigation of evolutions of the ALOHA scheme reducing the probability of destructive packet collisions thus making it more attractive for satellite IoT. In such context, the Contention Resolution Diversity ALOHA (CRDSA) scheme and the Asynchronous Contention Resolution Diversity ALOHA (ACRDA) have emerged as promising solutions thanks to their high spectral efficiency achievable with low packet loss probability. The results reported in literature are however assuming ideal demodulator performance. This paper investigates the design and optimization of RA burst demodulator algorithms for single‐frequency and multifrequency CRDSA and ACRDA. It evaluates the performance of such algorithms in a number of system scenarios of practical interest and studies the impact of relevant system parameters on several performance metrics.

中文翻译：

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致力于实现卫星物联网的高级随机接入方案

机器对机器（M2M）通信是物联网（IoT）网络的关键，其特点是成本低，复杂度低，并且通常是能耗受限的终端，具有低流量占空比。卫星网络为此类应用提供了一种有吸引力的低成本解决方案，尤其是当终端（固定和移动终端）分布在地面基础设施无法很好服务的广阔地理区域时。ALOHA随机接入（RA）方案是M2M通信的自然选择，因为它与零星的流量非常匹配，并且几乎不需要终端协调。然而，当在要求低丢包概率的负载区域中操作时，经典ALOHA方案遭受低吞吐量。为了克服ALOHA固有的局限性，在过去的十年中，为了降低破坏性数据包冲突的可能性，ALOHA方案的演变已投入了大量的精力，从而使其对卫星物联网更具吸引力。在这种情况下，竞争解决方案分集ALOHA（CRDSA）方案和异步竞争解决方案分集ALOHA（ACRDA）已经成为有前途的解决方案，这是由于它们具有很高的频谱效率和较低的丢包率。但是，文献报道的结果是假设理想的解调器性能。本文研究了针对单频和多频CRDSA和ACRDA的RA突发解调器算法的设计和优化。