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Infection by Neopestalotiopsis spp. occurs on unwounded eucalyptus leaves and is favored by long periods of leaf wetness
Plant Pathology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-03 , DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13132 R. Belisário 1 , C. E. Aucique‐Pérez 1 , L. M. Abreu 1 , S. S. Salcedo 1 , W. M. de Oliveira 1 , G. Q. Furtado 1
Plant Pathology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-03 , DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13132 R. Belisário 1 , C. E. Aucique‐Pérez 1 , L. M. Abreu 1 , S. S. Salcedo 1 , W. M. de Oliveira 1 , G. Q. Furtado 1
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Brazil is the leader in the global ranking of forest productivity; however, one of the major challenges to eucalyptus production is the existence of fungal diseases. A severe epidemic caused by pestalotiopsis‐like fungi was observed in a forest nursery in Brazil, causing a huge impact on the eucalyptus micropropagation stages. The aims of the present study were to identify the causal agents associated with pestalotiopsis leaf spot and dieback in eucalyptus, assess their pathogenicity to different commercial clones, and evaluate which conditions favour conidial germination and infection by the pathogens. Multilocus phylogenetic analyses using ITS, TEF and TUB identified the isolates as members of Neopestalotiopsis and segregated them into three species. Isolates from all Neopestalotiopsis spp. caused symptoms on unwounded eucalyptus leaves and disease development was strongly dependent on long leaf wetness periods (≥72 h). All four commercial clones tested were susceptible to the pathogen. These results clearly dispute the commonly held assumption that pestalotioid fungi are weak and opportunistic pathogens. This is the first report of different phylogenetic species of Neopestalotiopsis causing dieback, leaf and stem lesions in eucalyptus cuttings and provides a basis for developing novel disease management strategies in forest nurseries.
中文翻译：
由 Neopestalotiopsis spp 感染。发生在未受伤的桉树叶上，受叶片长时间潮湿的青睐
巴西在全球森林生产力排名中处于领先地位；然而，桉树生产面临的主要挑战之一是真菌病害的存在。在巴西的一个森林苗圃中观察到了由类瘟疫菌引起的严重流行病，对桉树的微繁殖阶段造成了巨大影响。本研究的目的是确定桉树中与 Pestalotiopsis 叶斑病和枯死相关的病原体，评估它们对不同商业克隆的致病性，并评估哪些条件有利于病原体的分生孢子萌发和感染。使用 ITS、TEF 和 TUB 进行的多位点系统发育分析将分离株鉴定为 Neopestalotiopsis 的成员，并将它们分为三个物种。从所有 Neopestalotiopsis spp 中分离。在未受伤的桉树叶上引起症状，疾病的发展强烈依赖于长时间的叶片湿润期（≥72 小时）。测试的所有四个商业克隆都对病原体敏感。这些结果显然与普遍认为的瘟疫菌是弱和机会性病原体的假设相悖。这是对导致桉树扦插的枯死、叶和茎病变的 Neopestalotiopsis 不同系统发育物种的首次报告，并为在森林苗圃中制定新的疾病管理策略提供了基础。
更新日期：2020-01-03
中文翻译：
由 Neopestalotiopsis spp 感染。发生在未受伤的桉树叶上，受叶片长时间潮湿的青睐
巴西在全球森林生产力排名中处于领先地位；然而，桉树生产面临的主要挑战之一是真菌病害的存在。在巴西的一个森林苗圃中观察到了由类瘟疫菌引起的严重流行病，对桉树的微繁殖阶段造成了巨大影响。本研究的目的是确定桉树中与 Pestalotiopsis 叶斑病和枯死相关的病原体，评估它们对不同商业克隆的致病性，并评估哪些条件有利于病原体的分生孢子萌发和感染。使用 ITS、TEF 和 TUB 进行的多位点系统发育分析将分离株鉴定为 Neopestalotiopsis 的成员，并将它们分为三个物种。从所有 Neopestalotiopsis spp 中分离。在未受伤的桉树叶上引起症状，疾病的发展强烈依赖于长时间的叶片湿润期（≥72 小时）。测试的所有四个商业克隆都对病原体敏感。这些结果显然与普遍认为的瘟疫菌是弱和机会性病原体的假设相悖。这是对导致桉树扦插的枯死、叶和茎病变的 Neopestalotiopsis 不同系统发育物种的首次报告，并为在森林苗圃中制定新的疾病管理策略提供了基础。
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