Small‐grain winter cereal crops can be infected with Fusarium head blight (FHB) leading to mycotoxin contamination and reduction in grain weight and quality. Although a number of studies have investigated the genetic variation of genotypes within each small‐grain cereal, a systematic comparison of the winter crops rye, triticale, durum and bread wheat for their FHB resistance, Fusarium‐damaged kernels (FDK) and deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination across species is still missing. We have therefore evaluated twelve genotypes each of four crops widely varying in their FHB resistance under artificial infection with one DON‐producing F. culmorum isolate at constant spore concentrations and additionally at crop‐specific concentrations in two environments. Rye and triticale were the most resistant crops to FHB followed by bread and durum wheat at constant and crop‐specific spore concentrations. On average, rye accumulated the lowest amount of DON (10.08 mg/kg) in the grains, followed by triticale (15.18 mg/kg) and bread wheat (16.59 mg/kg), while durum wheat had the highest amount (30.68 mg/kg). Genotypic variances within crops were significant (p ≤ .001) in most instances. These results underline the differing importance of breeding for FHB resistance in the different crops.

中文翻译：

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黑麦，黑小麦，硬质小麦和面包小麦基因型对镰刀菌抗白叶枯病和脱氧雪腐烯醇污染的比较

小粒冬季谷类作物可能会感染镰刀菌枯萎病（FHB），导致霉菌毒素污染并降低谷物的重量和质量。尽管许多研究已经调查了每种小谷类谷物中基因型的遗传变异，但系统比较了黑麦，黑小麦，硬质小麦和面包小麦的冬季作物对FHB的抗性，镰刀菌损坏的谷粒（FDK）和脱氧雪茄烯醇（DON ）物种间的污染仍然缺失。因此，我们评估了四种农作物中每种作物的12种基因型，这些基因型在人工感染1株产DON的F. culmorum的情况下其FHB抗性差异很大在两种环境中以恒定的孢子浓度和作物特定的浓度分离。黑麦和黑小麦是对FHB抵抗力最强的农作物，其次是面包和硬质小麦，其孢子浓度恒定且特定。平均而言，黑麦在谷物中的DON含量最低（10.08 mg / kg），其次是黑小麦（15.18 mg / kg）和面包小麦（16.59 mg / kg），而硬质小麦含量最高（30.68 mg / kg）。公斤）。基因型方差内庄稼显著（p  ≤0.001），在大多数情况下。这些结果强调了在不同作物中育种对于抗FHB的重要性不同。