In two identical pot trials, we investigated the effect of different biochars on the growth and water use efficiency (WUE) of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum‐graecum L.) grown with and without water stress. Plants were grown in pots with and without biochar. Rice husk (RH), standard rice husk (SRH), standard wheat straw (SWS) or standard oilseed rape straw (SOS) biochars were added at a rate of 2% by weight. Irrigation was reduced from 80% of field capacity to 40% in half of the pots to create water stress when 50% of the plants flowered. No significant interaction was observed between irrigation and biochar treatments. Water stress resulted in smaller plants (11.5%), fewer pods (16.1%) and reduced 100‐seed weight (12.6%), seed yield (20.1%) and plant dry weight (55.0%). All standard biochars increased plant dry weight in a range of 18%−25% compared with the controls. There was no significant effect of biochar on the number of pods and seed weight. Only RH, SWS and SOS biochar increased the number of seeds pod⁻¹ by 9.0%−14.5% compared with the controls regardless of water stress. RH and SOS biochars increased seed yield by 16.7 and 21.6%, respectively. RH, SWS and SOS biochar increased the WUE by 17.3%, 10.1% and 16.2% regardless of water stress, respectively. Based on the experiment, we recommend farmers to add biochar whatever type they have available. However, RH and SOS seem to be better than the others are, as they seem to be able to increase seed yield and WUE considerably.

中文翻译：

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不同生物炭对胡芦巴（Trigonella foenum-graecum L.）生长和水分利用效率的影响

在两个相同的盆栽试验中，我们研究了不同生物炭对胡芦巴（Trigonella foenum-graecum）的生长和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响。L.）在有水和无水胁迫下生长。植物在有或没有生物炭的盆中生长。以2重量％的比例添加稻壳（RH），标准稻壳（SRH），标准小麦秸秆（SWS）或标准油菜籽秸秆（SOS）生物炭。当50％的植物开花时，灌溉量从一半的田间灌溉能力从80％降低到40％，以产生水分胁迫。灌溉和生物炭处理之间没有观察到明显的相互作用。水分胁迫导致植物变小（11.5％），豆荚减少（16.1％）并减少了100种种子的重量（12.6％），种子产量（20.1％）和植物干重（55.0％）。与对照相比，所有标准生物炭均使植物干重增加了18％-25％。生物炭对豆荚的数量和种子重量没有显着影响。仅RH，SWS和SOS生物炭增加了种子荚的数量不管水分胁迫如何，与对照组相比，^-1均降低了9.0％-14.5％。RH和SOS生物炭分别使种子产量提高了16.7和21.6％。相对于水分胁迫，RH，SWS和SOS生物炭的WUE分别增加了17.3％，10.1％和16.2％。根据实验，我们建议农民添加任何可用的生物炭。但是，RH和SOS似乎比其他的要好，因为它们似乎能够大大提高种子产量和WUE。