Chloride is a micronutrient required for photosynthesis but when applied in the concentration of a macronutrient, it may also promote growth by regulating turgor. However, if chloride accumulates excessively, it can induce toxicity. The aim of this study was to identify physiological dysfunctions in maize (Zea mays L.) that arise in response to excessive chloride ion accumulation. For this, a novel water sensor was employed for the first time allowing the in vivo measurement of water content in the plant by using two near IR‐wavelengths with different absorption of water. This enabled to analyse whether water imbalances occurred. Chloride was given together with calcium as companying counter cation. Results show that most of the tested maize genotypes were able to maintain growth, photosynthesis and normal water content when stressed with concentrations as high as 757.1 mg chloride/kg soil dry matter. Leaf blades accumulated only 8.5 mg chloride/g dry matter, with the most genotypes not even showing salt stress necrosis at the leaves. A comparison between more tolerant and more sensitive genotypes revealed that restriction of chloride root‐to‐shoot translocation is a trait of chloride tolerance.

中文翻译：

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玉米（Zea mays L.）对氯化物盐度的早期胁迫响应

氯化物是光合作用所需的微量营养素，但是当以大量营养素的浓度施用时，它也可以通过调节膨胀来促进生长。但是，如果氯化物积累过多，则可能引起毒性。这项研究的目的是确定玉米的生理功能障碍（玉米）L.）是由于过多的氯离子积累而产生的。为此，首次使用新型水传感器，通过使用两个不同吸收水的近红外波长，体内测量植物中的水分。这使得能够分析是否发生了水不平衡。氯化物与钙一起作为辅助抗衡阳离子。结果表明，在浓度高达757.1 mg氯化物/ kg土壤干物质的胁迫下，大多数受测玉米基因型都能维持生长，光合作用和正常含水量。叶片仅积累8.5 mg氯化物/ g干物质，大多数基因型甚至没有在叶片上显示盐胁迫坏死。