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Solid versus Liquid—A Bottom‐Up Calculation Model to Analyze the Manufacturing Cost of Future High‐Energy Batteries
Energy Technology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-16 , DOI: 10.1002/ente.201901237 Joscha Schnell 1 , Heiko Knörzer 1 , Anna Julia Imbsweiler 1 , Gunther Reinhart 1
Energy Technology ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-16 , DOI: 10.1002/ente.201901237 Joscha Schnell 1 , Heiko Knörzer 1 , Anna Julia Imbsweiler 1 , Gunther Reinhart 1
Affiliation
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All‐solid‐state batteries (ASSB) are promising candidates for future energy storage. However, only a little is known about the manufacturing costs for industrial production. Herein, a detailed bottom‐up calculation is performed to estimate the required investment and to facilitate comparison with conventional lithium‐ion batteries (LIB). Results indicate that sulfide‐based ASSBs can indeed be competitive if the material compatibility issues can be solved and production is successfully scaled. In contrast, oxide‐based ASSBs will probably not be able to compete if cost is the decisive factor. A sensitivity analysis with Monte Carlo simulation reveals that the inert gas atmosphere required for sulfide‐based ASSBs contributes little to the overall cell costs, whereas the sintering step for oxide‐based ASSBs is highly critical. The calculation also indicates that in‐house manufacturing of the lithium anode will be cheaper than purchasing the lithium foil externally if the cell producer has sufficient processing know‐how. Finally, the aerosol deposition method is investigated, revealing that a deposition rate far above 1000 mm3 min−1 would be required to make the technology economically feasible in ASSB production. The results of this study will help researchers and industry prioritize development efforts and push the scale‐up of future high‐energy batteries with improved performance.
中文翻译：
固体与液体—一种自下而上的计算模型，用于分析未来高能电池的制造成本
全固态电池（ASSB）是未来储能的有希望的候选者。但是，对于工业生产的制造成本知之甚少。在此，将进行详细的自下而上计算，以估算所需的投资并促进与常规锂离子电池（LIB）的比较。结果表明，如果可以解决材料相容性问题并成功扩大生产规模，则基于硫化物的ASSB确实具有竞争力。相反，如果成本是决定性因素，则基于氧化物的ASSB可能无法竞争。蒙特卡罗模拟的灵敏度分析表明，基于硫化物的ASSB所需的惰性气体气氛对电池总成本的贡献很小，而基于氧化物的ASSB的烧结步骤至关重要。该计算还表明，如果电池生产商具有足够的加工专门知识，则内部制造锂阳极比从外部购买锂箔要便宜。最后，研究了气溶胶沉积方法，发现沉积速率远高于1000 mm为了使该技术在ASSB生产中经济可行，将需要3 min -1。这项研究的结果将有助于研究人员和行业优先考虑开发工作，并以改进的性能推动未来的高能电池的规模扩大。
更新日期：2020-01-16
中文翻译：
固体与液体—一种自下而上的计算模型，用于分析未来高能电池的制造成本
全固态电池（ASSB）是未来储能的有希望的候选者。但是，对于工业生产的制造成本知之甚少。在此，将进行详细的自下而上计算，以估算所需的投资并促进与常规锂离子电池（LIB）的比较。结果表明，如果可以解决材料相容性问题并成功扩大生产规模，则基于硫化物的ASSB确实具有竞争力。相反，如果成本是决定性因素，则基于氧化物的ASSB可能无法竞争。蒙特卡罗模拟的灵敏度分析表明，基于硫化物的ASSB所需的惰性气体气氛对电池总成本的贡献很小，而基于氧化物的ASSB的烧结步骤至关重要。该计算还表明，如果电池生产商具有足够的加工专门知识，则内部制造锂阳极比从外部购买锂箔要便宜。最后，研究了气溶胶沉积方法，发现沉积速率远高于1000 mm为了使该技术在ASSB生产中经济可行，将需要3 min -1。这项研究的结果将有助于研究人员和行业优先考虑开发工作，并以改进的性能推动未来的高能电池的规模扩大。
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