BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in India. CVDs are to a large extent preventable with the availability of wide range of interventions focusing on primary and secondary prevention. However human resource deficit is the biggest challenge for implementing these prevention programs. Task shifting of the cardiovascular risk assessment and communication to nurses can be one of the most viable and sustainable option to run prevention programs. METHODS The study was quasi experimental in nature with 1 year follow up to determine the effect of CVD risk assessment and communication by nurses with the help of risk communication package on primary and secondary prevention of CVDs. The study was done in the outpatient departments of a tertiary health care center of Northern India. All the nurses (n = 16) working in selected OPDs were trained in CVD risk assessment and communication of risk to the patients. A total of 402 patients aged 40 years and above with hypertension (HTN) were recruited for primary prevention of CVDs from medicine and allied OPDs, whereas 500 patients who had undergone CABG/PTCA were recruited from cardiology OPDs for secondary prevention of CVDs and were randomized to intervention (n = 250) and comparison group (n = 250) by using block randomization. CVD risk modification and medication adherence were the outcomes of interest for primary and secondary prevention of CVDs respectively. RESULTS The results revealed high level of agreement (k = 0.84) between the risk scores generated by nurses with that of investigator. In the primary prevention group, there were significantly higher proportion of participants in the low risk category (70%) as compared to baseline assessment (60.6%) at 1 year follow up. Whereas in secondary prevention group the mean medication adherence score among intervention group participants (7.60) was significantly higher than that of the comparison group (5.96) with a large effect size of 1.1.(p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Nurse led intervention was effective in risk modification and improving medication adherence among subjects for primary and secondary prevention of CVDs respectively. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration no CTRI/2018/01/011372 [Registered on: 16/01/2018] Trial Registered Retrospectively.

中文翻译：

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在印度北部的三级医疗机构中，由护士进行心血管风险评估和沟通交流的任务，以进行心血管疾病的一级和二级预防。

背景技术心血管疾病（CVD）是印度发病率和死亡率的主要原因。有了一级重点和二级预防的广泛干预措施，就可以在很大程度上预防CVD。但是，人力资源短缺是实施这些预防计划的最大挑战。将心血管风险评估和与护士沟通的任务转移可能是实施预防计划的最可行和可持续的选择之一。方法：该研究为准实验性质，为期1年的随访，旨在通过风险沟通软件包对CVD的一级和二级预防，确定护士进行CVD风险评估和沟通的效果。该研究在印度北部三级医疗中心的门诊部完成。所有在选定OPD中工作的护士（n = 16）都接受了CVD风险评估和向患者传达风险的培训。招募了402名年龄在40岁及以上的高血压（HTN）患者，用于从药物和相关OPD一级预防CVD，而从CAPG / PTCA中招募了500名接受过CABG / PTCA的患者，用于CVD的二级预防，并被随机分组干预（n = 250）和对照组（n = 250）通过使用块随机分配。CVD风险调整和药物依从性分别是CVD一级和二级预防的关注结果。结果结果表明，护士和研究者所产生的风险评分之间的一致性很高（k = 0.84）。在一级预防组中，在一年的随访中，与基线评估（60.6％）相比，低风险类别的参与者比例（70％）明显更高。在二级预防组中，干预组参与者的平均药物依从性得分（7.60）显着高于比较组（5.96），且影响大小为1.1。（p <0.01）。结论护士主导的干预有效地改变了心血管疾病的一级和二级预防风险，并改善了受试者的用药依从性。试用注册试用注册号CTRI / 2018/01/011372 [注册日期：16/01/2018]追溯注册的试验。在二级预防组中，干预组参与者的平均药物依从性得分（7.60）显着高于比较组（5.96），且影响大小为1.1。（p <0.01）。结论护士主导的干预有效地改变了心血管疾病的一级和二级预防风险，并改善了受试者的用药依从性。试用注册试用注册号CTRI / 2018/01/011372 [注册日期：16/01/2018]追溯注册的试验。在二级预防组中，干预组参与者的平均药物依从性得分（7.60）显着高于对照组（5.96），且影响大小为1.1。（p <0.01）。结论护士主导的干预有效地改变了心血管疾病的一级和二级预防风险，并改善了受试者的用药依从性。试用注册试用注册号CTRI / 2018/01/011372 [注册日期：16/01/2018]追溯注册的试验。结论护士主导的干预措施有效地改变了心血管疾病的一级和二级预防风险，改善了患者的依从性。试用注册试用注册号CTRI / 2018/01/011372 [注册日期：16/01/2018]追溯注册的试验。结论护士主导的干预有效地改变了心血管疾病的一级和二级预防风险，改善了患者的依从性。试用注册试用注册号CTRI / 2018/01/011372 [注册日期：16/01/2018]追溯注册的试验。