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Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of later-onset Crohn’s disease: results from two large prospective cohort studies
Gut ( IF 23.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-03 , DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319505
Hamed Khalili 1, 2 , Niclas Håkansson 3 , Simon S Chan 4, 5 , Ye Chen 6 , Paul Lochhead 7 , Jonas F Ludvigsson 8, 9 , Andrew T Chan 10, 11 , Andrew R Hart 12 , Ola Olén 13 , Alicja Wolk 14
Affiliation  

Objective To examine the relationship between Mediterranean diet and risk of later-onset Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). Design We conducted a prospective cohort study of 83 147 participants (age range: 45–79 years) enrolled in the Cohort of Swedish Men and Swedish Mammography Cohort. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate an adherence score to a modified Mediterranean diet (mMED) at baseline in 1997. Incident diagnoses of CD and UC were ascertained from the Swedish Patient Register. We used Cox proportional hazards modelling to calculate HRs and 95% CI. Results Through December of 2017, we confirmed 164 incident cases of CD and 395 incident cases of UC with an average follow-up of 17 years. Higher mMED score was associated with a lower risk of CD (Ptrend=0.03) but not UC (Ptrend=0.61). Compared with participants in the lowest category of mMED score (0–2), there was a statistically significant lower risk of CD (HR=0.42, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.80) but not UC (HR=1.08, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.58). These associations were not modified by age, sex, education level, body mass index or smoking (all Pinteraction >0.30). The prevalence of poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet (mMED score=0–2) was 27% in our cohorts, conferring a population attributable risk of 12% for later-onset CD. Conclusion In two prospective studies, greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with a significantly lower risk of later-onset CD.

中文翻译:

坚持地中海饮食与较低的晚发克罗恩病风险相关:来自两项大型前瞻性队列研究的结果

目的检查地中海饮食与晚发性克罗恩病 (CD) 或溃疡性结肠炎 (UC) 风险之间的关系。设计 我们对瑞典男性队列和瑞典乳房 X 光检查队列中的 83147 名参与者(年龄范围:45-79 岁)进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。1997 年基线时使用经过验证的食物频率问卷来计算对改良地中海饮食 (mMED) 的依从性评分。 CD 和 UC 的事件诊断是从瑞典患者登记处确定的。我们使用 Cox 比例风险模型来计算 HR 和 95% CI。结果 到 2017 年 12 月,我们确认了 164 例 CD 和 395 例 UC,平均随访时间为 17 年。较高的 mMED 评分与较低的 CD 风险相关(Ptrend=0.03),但与 UC 风险无关(Ptrend=0.61)。与最低类别 mMED 评分 (0-2) 的参与者相比,CD 的风险在统计学上显着降低(HR=0.42,95% CI 0.22 至 0.80),但不是 UC(HR=1.08,95% CI 0.74 至1.58)。这些关联不受年龄、性别、教育水平、体重指数或吸烟的影响(所有 Pinteraction > 0.30)。在我们的队列中,地中海饮食依从性差(mMED 评分 = 0-2)的发生率为 27%,这意味着晚发 CD 的人群归因风险为 12%。结论 在两项前瞻性研究中,对地中海饮食的更高依从性与晚发性 CD 风险显着降低相关。性别、教育程度、体重指数或吸烟(所有 Pinteraction > 0.30)。在我们的队列中,地中海饮食依从性差(mMED 评分 = 0-2)的发生率为 27%,这意味着晚发 CD 的人群归因风险为 12%。结论 在两项前瞻性研究中,对地中海饮食的更高依从性与晚发性 CD 风险显着降低相关。性别、教育程度、体重指数或吸烟(所有 Pinteraction > 0.30)。在我们的队列中,地中海饮食依从性差(mMED 评分 = 0-2)的发生率为 27%,这意味着晚发 CD 的人群归因风险为 12%。结论 在两项前瞻性研究中,对地中海饮食的更高依从性与晚发性 CD 风险显着降低相关。
更新日期:2020-01-03
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