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Etiology, clinical presentation, outcome and the effect of initial management in immunocompromised patients with community acquired bacterial meningitis.
Journal of Infection ( IF 14.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.12.019
Martin Glimåker 1 , Pontus Naucler 1 , Jan Sjölin 2
Affiliation  

OBJECTIVES The aim was to analyze differences in clinical presentation, etiology, management, and outcome between immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with acute bacterial meningitis (ABM). METHODS Data were extracted from 1056 adult ABM patients prospectively registered in the national Swedish quality register for ABM during 2008-2017. Primary endpoint was 30-day mortality and secondary endpoints 90-day mortality and unfavorable outcome. RESULTS An immunocompromised state was observed in 352 (33%) of the 1056 patients. Streptococcus pneumoniae dominated in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients (53% in both groups), whereas L monocytogenes occurred in 11% and 2%, respectively. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for 30-day mortality in immunocompromised compared to immunocompetent patients was 1.68 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-2.63). Adjusted for age, sex, and mental status on admission the OR was 1.34 (CI: 0.82-2.21). Adjusted also for time to antibiotic treatment and corticosteroids the OR was 1.10 (CI: 0.59-2.05), and in patients without Listeria meningitis 0.98 (CI: 0.50-1.90). Although, the ORs were higher for 90-day mortality and unfavorable outcome the effects of adjustments were similar. CONCLUSION Mortality in immunocompromised patients with ABM is only moderately increased unless caused by Listeria. This difference is further reduced in patients given early antibiotic treatment and adjunctive corticosteroids. FUNDING This work was supported by Stockholm County Council.

中文翻译:

免疫功能低下社区获得性细菌性脑膜炎患者的病因,临床表现,结局和初始治疗的效果。

目的本研究旨在分析免疫功能低下和有免疫能力的急性细菌性脑膜炎(ABM)患者在临床表现,病因,治疗和转归方面的差异。方法数据是从2008年至2017年在瑞典国家ABM质量注册系统中预先登记的1056名成人ABM患者中提取的。主要终点为30天死亡率,次要终点为90天死亡率和不利的结果。结果在1056名患者中有352名(33%)观察到免疫受损状态。免疫功能低下和有免疫能力的患者中肺炎链球菌占主导地位(两组均为53%),而单核细胞增生李斯特菌分别占11%和2%。与免疫能力强的患者相比,免疫力低下30天死亡率的未经调整优势比(OR)为1。68(95%置信区间(CI):1.07-2.63)。调整入院时的年龄,性别和精神状态后,OR为1.34(CI:0.82-2.21)。还针对抗生素治疗和糖皮质激素治疗时间进行了调整,OR为1.10(CI:0.59-2.05),无李斯特菌脑膜炎的患者为0.98(CI:0.50-1.90)。尽管90天死亡率和不良结局的OR值较高,但调整的效果相似。结论除非李斯特菌引起,否则免疫受损的ABM患者的死亡率只会适度增加。在接受早期抗生素治疗和辅助糖皮质激素治疗的患者中,这种差异进一步减小。资助这项工作得到了斯德哥尔摩县议会的支持。还针对抗生素治疗和糖皮质激素治疗时间进行了调整,OR为1.10(CI:0.59-2.05),无李斯特菌脑膜炎的患者为0.98(CI:0.50-1.90)。尽管90天死亡率和不良结局的OR值较高,但调整的效果相似。结论除非李斯特菌引起,否则免疫受损的ABM患者的死亡率只会适度增加。在接受早期抗生素治疗和辅助糖皮质激素治疗的患者中,这种差异进一步减小。资助这项工作得到了斯德哥尔摩县议会的支持。还针对抗生素治疗和糖皮质激素治疗时间进行了调整,OR为1.10(CI:0.59-2.05),无李斯特菌脑膜炎的患者为0.98(CI:0.50-1.90)。尽管90天死亡率和不良结局的OR值较高,但调整的效果相似。结论除非李斯特菌引起,否则免疫受损的ABM患者的死亡率只会适度增加。在接受早期抗生素治疗和辅助糖皮质激素治疗的患者中,这种差异进一步减小。资助这项工作得到了斯德哥尔摩县议会的支持。结论除非李斯特菌引起,否则免疫受损的ABM患者的死亡率只会适度增加。在接受早期抗生素治疗和辅助糖皮质激素治疗的患者中,这种差异进一步减小。资助这项工作得到了斯德哥尔摩县议会的支持。结论除非李斯特菌引起,否则免疫受损的ABM患者的死亡率只会适度增加。在接受早期抗生素治疗和辅助糖皮质激素治疗的患者中,这种差异进一步减小。资助这项工作得到了斯德哥尔摩县议会的支持。
更新日期:2020-01-04
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