Whilst copper and silver are the conductors of choice for myriad current and emerging applications, patterning these metals is a slow and costly process. We report the remarkable finding that an extremely thin (∼10 nm) printed layer of specific organofluorine compounds enables selective deposition of copper and silver vapour, with metal condensing only where the organofluorine layer is not. This unconventional approach is fast, inexpensive, avoids metal waste and the use of harmful chemical etchants, and leaves the metal surface uncontaminated. We have used this approach to fabricate thin films of these metals with 6 million apertures cm⁻² and grids of ∼1 μm lines, through to 10 cm diameter apertures. We have also fabricated semi-transparent organic solar cells in which the top silver electrode is patterned with a dense array of 2 μm diameter apertures, which cannot be achieved by any other scalable means directly on an organic electronic device.

中文翻译：

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通过冷凝系数调制选择性沉积银和铜膜†

尽管铜和银是众多电流和新兴应用的首选导体，但对这些金属进行构图却是一个缓慢而昂贵的过程。我们报告了一项非凡的发现，即特定有机氟化合物的极薄印刷层（约10 nm）能够选择性沉积铜和银蒸气，而金属仅在有机氟层没有的地方冷凝。这种非常规的方法是快速，廉价的，避免了金属浪费和有害化学蚀刻剂的使用，并且使金属表面不受污染。我们已经使用这种方法来制造具有600万个孔径cm ^-2的这些金属的薄膜和约1μm线的网格，直至直径10 cm的孔。我们还制造了半透明的有机太阳能电池，其中顶部的银电极被图案化为具有2μm直径孔径的密集阵列，这是无法通过任何其他可扩展方式直接在有机电子设备上实现的。