Cardiovascular disease is a major chronic complication of obesity and diabetes. Due to several patients with obesity and diabetes, it is necessary to urgently explore early diagnostic biomarkers and innovative therapeutic strategies to prevent the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, microRNAs (also known as miRNAs) have emerged as important players in heart disease and energy regulation. MiRNAs are a group of small, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by suppressing the translation of messenger RNA of target genes or by promoting mRNA degradation. These act as a class of potential biomarkers and may provide key information in diagnosing common diseases such as tumors, tissue damage, and autoimmune diseases. Among all the known miRNAs, microRNA-208 (miR-208) is specifically expressed in myocardial cells and showed close association with the development of cardiac diseases, such as myocardial hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and heart failure. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of miR-208 in heart are still unclear. In this review, we highlighted the novel insights of miR-208 functions and associated mechanisms in the regulation of cardiac diseases.

中文翻译：

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microRNA-208在心脏中的功能。

心血管疾病是肥胖和糖尿病的主要慢性并发症。由于有几位肥胖症和糖尿病患者，有必要紧急探索早期诊断生物标志物和创新的治疗策略，以预防心血管疾病的进展。最近，microRNA（也称为miRNA）已成为心脏病和能量调节的重要参与者。MiRNA是一组小的，高度保守的非编码RNA分子，通过抑制靶基因的信使RNA的翻译或促进mRNA的降解来调节基因的表达。这些作为一类潜在的生物标志物，可以为诊断常见疾病（例如肿瘤，组织损伤和自身免疫性疾病）提供关键信息。在所有已知的miRNA中，microRNA-208（miR-208）在心肌细胞中特异性表达，并且与心脏病的发展密切相关，例如心肌肥大，心脏纤维化，心肌梗塞，心律不齐和心力衰竭。但是，miR-208在心脏中的功能和潜在机制仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们着重介绍了miR-208功能及其在心脏疾病调控中的相关机制的新颖见解。