Nucleosomes are stable yet highly dynamic complexes exhibiting diverse types of motions, such as sliding, DNA unwrapping, and disassembly, encoding a landscape with a large number of metastable states. In this review, describing recent studies on these nucleosome structure changes, we propose that the nucleosome can be viewed as an ideal allosteric scaffold: regulated by effector molecules such as transcription factors and chromatin remodelers, the nucleosome controls the downstream gene activity. Binding of transcription factors to the nucleosome can enhance DNA unwrapping or slide the DNA, altering either the binding or the unbinding of other transcription factors to nearby sites. ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers induce a series of DNA deformations, which allosterically propagate throughout the nucleosome to induce DNA sliding or histone exchange.

中文翻译：

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核小体作为变构支架，用于遗传调控。

核小体是稳定但高度动态的复合物，具有多种类型的运动，例如滑动，DNA解缠和分解，编码具有大量亚稳态的态势。在这篇综述中，描述了有关这些核小体结构变化的最新研究，我们建议将核小体视为一种理想的变构支架：受转录因子和染色质重塑剂等效应分子调节，核小体控制下游基因的活性。转录因子与核小体的结合可以增强DNA的解包装或滑动DNA，从而改变其他转录因子与附近位点的结合或不结合。ATP依赖的染色质重塑剂诱导一系列DNA变形，