Potentiometry based on ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) has been injected with new vigor and gone through a renaissance with the improvements in the detection limits and selectivities of ISEs, the introduction of new materials, new sensing concepts (from conventional potentiometry to dynamic electrochemistry approaches), and deeper theoretical understanding and modelling of the potentiometric responses of ISEs. The new breakthroughs encourage innovations in ion sensing and biosensing applications. Moreover, with the introduction of new bioreceptors, such as enzymes, antibodies, aptamers, pepetides, versatile sensing protocols have been designed for a broad range of different target molecules by using ISEs as powerful transducers. This paper reviews the recent trends in potentiometric biosensors. Their applications in biosensing of metal ions, small molecules, DNA, proteins, bacteria and toxicities have been discussed. This review provides the outlook of the potentiometric biosensing based on the integration of potentiometric ISEs with new materials and emerging techniques.

基于离子选择电极（ISE）的电位计注入了新的活力，并且随着ISE的检测限和选择性的改进，新材料的引入，新的传感概念（从传统的电位计到动态电化学方法）的复兴而复兴），以及对ISE电位响应的更深入的理论理解和建模。新的突破鼓励了离子传感和生物传感应用领域的创新。此外，随着新生物受体（例如酶，抗体，适体，肽段）的引入，通过使用ISE作为功能强大的传感器，已经为多种不同的目标分子设计了通用的传感方案。本文回顾了电位生物传感器的最新趋势。它们在金属离子生物传感中的应用，已经讨论了小分子，DNA，蛋白质，细菌和毒性。这篇综述基于电位计ISE与新材料和新兴技术的集成，提供了电位计生物传感的前景。