Coastal lagoons deliver a wide range of valuable ecosystem goods and services. These ecosystems, that are often maintained by direct or indirect groundwater supplies, are collectively known as groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs). The importance of groundwater supplies is greatly exacerbated in coastal Mediterranean regions where the lack of surface water and the over-development of anthropogenic activities critically threaten the sustainability of coastal GDEs and associated ecosystem services.

Yet, coastal GDEs do not benefit from a legal or managerial recognition to take into account their specificity. Particular attention should be paid to the characterization of environmental and ecological water requirements. The hydrogeological knowledge about the management and behavior of coastal aquifers and GDEs must be strengthened. These investigations must be supplemented by a stronger assessment of potential contaminations to develop local land-uses and human activities according to the groundwater vulnerability. The quantitative management of water resources must also be better supervised and/or more constrained in order to ensure the water needs necessary to maintain coastal GDEs.

The transdisciplinary approach between hydrogeology, hydrology, social sciences and law is essential to fully understand the socio-economic and environmental complexity of coastal GDEs. Priority must now be given to the development of an appropriate definition of coastal GDEs, based on a consensus between scientists and lawyers. It is a necessary first step to develop and implement specific protective legislation and to define an appropriate management scale. The investment and collaboration of local water users, stakeholders and decision-makers need to be strengthened through actions to favor exchanges and discussions. All water resources in the coastal areas should be managed collectively and strategically, in order to maximize use efficiency, reduce water use conflicts and avoid over-exploitation. It is important to continue to raise public awareness of coastal aquifers at the regional level and to integrate their specificities into coastal zone management strategies and plans. In the global context of unprecedented anthropogenic pressures, hydro-food crises and climate change, environmental protection and preservation of coastal GDEs represents a major challenge for the sustainable socio-economic and environmental development of Mediterranean coastal zones.

沿海泻湖提供各种有价值的生态系统产品和服务。这些通常由直接或间接地下水供应维持的生态系统统称为依赖地下水的生态系统（GDE）。在缺乏地表水和人为活动过度发展的地中海沿海地区，地下水供应的重要性大大加剧，这严重威胁了沿海GDE和相关生态系统服务的可持续性。

但是，沿海GDE不能从法律或管理认可中受益，因为它们的特殊性已得到考虑。应特别注意环境和生态需水量的表征。必须加强有关沿海含水层和GDE的管理和行为的水文地质知识。这些调查必须辅之以对潜在污染的更强评估，以根据地下水的脆弱性发展当地的土地利用和人类活动。还必须更好地监督和/或限制水资源的定量管理，以确保维持沿海GDE所需的水需求。

水文地质，水文，社会科学和法律之间的跨学科方法对于充分理解沿海GDE的社会经济和环境复杂性至关重要。现在必须在科学家和律师之间达成共识的基础上，优先制定沿海GDE的适当定义。制定和实施具体的保护法规并定义适当的管理规模是必要的第一步。需要通过采取有利于交流和讨论的行动来加强当地水用户，利益相关者和决策者的投资与合作。应当对沿海地区的所有水资源进行集体和战略性管理，以最大限度地提高利用效率，减少用水冲突和避免过度开发。重要的是继续在区域一级提高公众对沿海含水层的认识，并将其特殊性纳入沿海地区管理战略和计划。在前所未有的人为压力，水食物危机和气候变化的全球背景下，环境保护和沿海GDE的保存是地中海沿岸地区可持续社会经济和环境发展的重大挑战。