Objectives To identify common recommendations for high-quality care for the most common musculoskeletal (MSK) pain sites encountered by clinicians in emergency and primary care (spinal (lumbar, thoracic and cervical), hip/knee (including osteoarthritis [OA] and shoulder) from contemporary, high-quality clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Design Systematic review, critical appraisal and narrative synthesis of MSK pain CPG recommendations. Eligibility criteria Included MSK pain CPGs were written in English, rated as high quality, published from 2011, focused on adults and described development processes. Excluded CPGs were for: traumatic MSK pain, single modalities (eg, surgery), traditional healing/medicine, specific disease processes (eg, inflammatory arthropathies) or those that required payment. Data sources Four scientific databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Physiotherapy Evidence Database) and four guideline repositories. Results 6232 records were identified, 44 CPGs were appraised and 11 were rated as high quality (low back pain: 4, OA: 4, neck: 2 and shoulder: 1). We identified 11 recommendations for MSK pain care: ensure care is patient centred, screen for red flag conditions, assess psychosocial factors, use imaging selectively, undertake a physical examination, monitor patient progress, provide education/information, address physical activity/exercise, use manual therapy only as an adjunct to other treatments, offer high-quality non-surgical care prior to surgery and try to keep patients at work. Conclusion These 11 recommendations guide healthcare consumers, clinicians, researchers and policy makers to manage MSK pain. This should improve the quality of care of MSK pain.

中文翻译：

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治疗肌肉骨骼疼痛的最佳实践是什么样的？来自高质量临床实践指南的 11 条一致建议：系统评价

Embase、CINAHL 和物理治疗证据数据库）和四个指南库。结果 共识别出 6232 条记录，评估了 44 条 CPG，11 条被评为高质量（腰痛：4，OA：4，颈部：2 和肩部：1）。我们为 MSK 疼痛护理确定了 11 条建议：确保护理以患者为中心、筛查危险信号、评估社会心理因素、有选择地使用影像学、进行体检、监测患者进展、提供教育/信息、解决身体活动/锻炼、使用手法治疗仅作为其他治疗的辅助手段，在手术前提供高质量的非手术护理，并尽量让患者继续工作。结论 这 11 条建议指导医疗保健消费者、临床医生、研究人员和政策制定者管理 MSK 疼痛。这应该会提高 MSK 疼痛的护理质量。