The causal and functional connection between inflammation and cancer has become a subject of much research interest. Modulation of cell signaling pathways, such as those involving mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and Wnt, and their outcomes play a fundamental role in inflammation and cancer. Activation of these cell signaling pathways can lead to various aspects of cancer-related inflammation. Hence, compounds able to modulate inflammation-related molecular targets are sought after in anticancer drug development programs. In recent years, plant extracts and their metabolites have been documented with potential in the prevention and treatment of cancer and inflammatory ailments. Plants possessing anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties due to their bioactive constituents have been reported to modulate the molecular and cellular pathways which are related to inflammation and cancer. In this review we focus on the flavonoids (astragalin, kaempferol, quercetin, rutin), lignans (phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, and niranthin), tannins (corilagin, geraniin, ellagic acid, gallic acid), and triterpenes (lupeol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid) of Phyllanthus amarus, which exert various anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities via perturbation of the NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt signaling networks. Understanding the underlying mechanisms involved may help future research to develop drug candidates for prevention and new treatment for cancer and inflammatory diseases.

中文翻译：

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苦竹及其主要成分对细胞信号通路的调节：在预防和治疗炎症和癌症中的潜在作用。

炎症与癌症之间的因果关系和功能联系已成为许多研究兴趣的主题。细胞信号通路的调控，例如涉及有丝分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK），核因子κβ（NF-κB），磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶和蛋白激酶B（PI3K / Akt）和Wnt的通路，其结果发挥着重要作用。在炎症和癌症中的基本作用。这些细胞信号传导途径的激活可导致癌症相关炎症的各个方面。因此，在抗癌药物开发计划中寻求能够调节炎症相关分子靶标的化合物。近年来，植物提取物及其代谢产物已被证明具有预防和治疗癌症和炎性疾病的潜力。据报道，由于其生物活性成分而具有抗癌和抗炎特性的植物可调节与炎症和癌症相关的分子和细胞途径。在本文中，我们重点研究了类黄酮（阿司他林，山ka酚，槲皮素，芦丁），木脂素（phyllanthin，hypophyllanthin和niranthin），单宁酸（corilagin，geraniin，鞣花酸，没食子酸）和三萜烯（lupeol，齐墩果酸，齐墩果酸）酸）mar兰（Phyllanthus amarus），通过扰动NF-κB，MAPK，PI3K / Akt和Wnt信号网络发挥各种抗癌和抗炎活性。了解涉及的潜在机制可能有助于未来的研究，以开发用于癌症和炎性疾病的预防和新疗法的候选药物。