Bidirectional selection for either high or low responsiveness to endurance running has created divergent rat phenotypes of high-response trainers (HRT) and low-response trainers (LRT). We conducted proteome profiling of HRT and LRT gastrocnemius of 10 female rats (body weight 279 ± 35 g; n = 5 LRT and n = 5 HRT) from generation 8 of selection. Differential analysis of soluble proteins from gastrocnemius was conducted by label-free quantitation. Genetic association studies were conducted in 384 Russian international-level athletes (age 23.8 ± 3.4 yr; 202 men and 182 women) stratified to endurance or power disciplines. Proteomic analysis encompassed 1,024 proteins, 76 of which exhibited statistically significant (P < 0.05, false discovery rate <1%) differences between HRT and LRT muscle. There was significant enrichment of enzymes involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis in LRT muscle but no enrichment of gene ontology phrases in HRT muscle. Striated muscle-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase-beta (SPEG-β) exhibited the greatest difference in abundance and was 2.64-fold greater (P = 0.0014) in HRT muscle. Coimmunoprecipitation identified 24 potential binding partners of SPEG-β in HRT muscle. The frequency of the G variant of the rs7564856 polymorphism that increases SPEG gene expression was significantly greater (32.9 vs. 23.8%; OR = 1.6, P = 0.009) in international-level endurance athletes (n = 258) compared with power athletes (n = 126) and was significantly associated (β = 8.345, P = 0.0048) with a greater proportion of slow-twitch fibers in vastus lateralis of female endurance athletes. Coimmunoprecipitation of SPEG-β in HRT muscle discovered putative interacting proteins that link with previously reported differences in transforming growth factor-β signaling in exercised muscle.

中文翻译：

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横纹肌特异性丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶 β 分离，对耐力运动训练的反应性高与低。

对耐力跑的高反应性或低反应性的双向选择产生了高反应训练器 (HRT) 和低反应训练器 (LRT) 的不同大鼠表型。我们对第 8 代选择的 10 只雌性大鼠（体重 279 ± 35 g；n = 5 LRT 和 n = 5 HRT）的 HRT 和 LRT 腓肠肌进行了蛋白质组分析。来自腓肠肌的可溶性蛋白质的差异分析通过无标记定量进行。遗传关联研究在 384 名俄罗斯国际级运动员（年龄 23.8 ± 3.4 岁；202 名男性和 182 名女性）中进行，分为耐力或力量学科。蛋白质组学分析包含 1,024 种蛋白质，其中 76 种在 HRT 和 LRT 肌肉之间表现出统计学显着差异（P < 0.05，错误发现率 <1%）。在 LRT 肌肉中，参与糖酵解/糖异生的酶显着富集，但在 HRT 肌肉中没有富集基因本体短语。横纹肌特异性丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶-β (SPEG-β) 的丰度差异最大，在 HRT 肌肉中高 2.64 倍 (P = 0.0014)。共免疫沉淀鉴定了 HRT 肌肉中 SPEG-β 的 24 个潜在结合伙伴。与力量型运动员（n = 126）并且与女性耐力运动员股外侧肌中更大比例的慢肌纤维显着相关（β = 8.345，P = 0.0048）。