Aging is a pleiotropic process affecting many aspects of mammalian physiology. Mammals are composed of distinct cell type identities and tissue environments, but the influence of these cell identities and environments on the trajectory of aging in individual cells remains unclear. Here, we performed single-cell RNA-seq on >50,000 individual cells across three tissues in young and old mice to allow for direct comparison of aging phenotypes across cell types. We found transcriptional features of aging common across many cell types, as well as features of aging unique to each type. Leveraging matrix factorization and optimal transport methods, we found that both cell identities and tissue environments exert influence on the trajectory and magnitude of aging, with cell identity influence predominating. These results suggest that aging manifests with unique directionality and magnitude across the diverse cell identities in mammals.

中文翻译：

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鼠单细胞RNA-seq揭示了衰老的细胞身份和组织特异性轨迹。

老化是影响哺乳动物生理学许多方面的多效过程。哺乳动物由不同的细胞类型身份和组织环境组成，但是这些细胞身份和环境对单个细胞衰老轨迹的影响仍然不清楚。在这里，我们对年轻和老年小鼠的三个组织中的> 50,000个单个细胞进行了单细胞RNA测序，以直接比较不同细胞类型的衰老表型。我们发现许多细胞类型都普遍存在衰老的转录特征，以及每种细胞所特有的衰老特征。利用矩阵分解和最佳运输方法，我们发现细胞身份和组织环境都对衰老的轨迹和幅度产生影响，其中细胞身份影响占主导。