Nasal saline irrigation is frequently utilised in allergic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis management, and after nasal and sinus surgery. Anatomical modelling, clinical and computational studies guide treatment optimisation. This review offers a comprehensive summary of the modelling methodologies used in previous nasal irrigation studies by undertaking a systematic analysis of anatomical, clinical and computational investigations that assessed nasal saline irrigation using Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Review databases. Both procedural and assessment methods were reviewed. It was found that all twenty-four publications reviewed did not discuss the influence of the nasal cycle on internasal geometry and nasal resistance. Cadaver studies misrepresent in vivo nasal geometry. Irrigation pressure and shear forces, which could influence mucociliary transport and postoperative cleaning, were not evaluated. Previous studies focus on irrigation coverage and have not considered the nasal cycle which influences unilateral nasal resistance and thus pressure/ flow relationships and may also increase nasal air-locking. New computational fluid dynamic models could better inform nasal irrigation clinical practice.

中文翻译：

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鼻腔盐水冲洗-对当前的解剖，临床和计算建模方法的评论。

鼻腔生理盐水冲洗经常用于变应性鼻炎和鼻-鼻窦炎的治疗以及鼻和鼻窦手术后。解剖模型，临床和计算研究指导治疗的优化。这篇综述通过对使用Medline，EMBASE和Cochrane Review数据库评估鼻腔盐水冲洗的解剖，临床和计算研究进行系统分析，从而对以前的鼻腔冲洗研究中使用的建模方法进行了全面总结。审查了程序和评估方法。发现所有评论的二十四篇出版物都没有讨论鼻腔循环对鼻腔几何形状和鼻阻力的影响。尸体研究歪曲了体内的鼻腔几何形状。灌溉压力和剪切力 没有评估可能影响粘膜纤毛运输和术后清洁的因素。先前的研究集中在灌溉范围上，并未考虑影响单侧鼻阻力的鼻部循环，从而影响压力/流量关系，也可能增加鼻部气锁。新的计算流体动力学模型可以更好地指导鼻腔冲洗临床实践。