Since the use of the zebrafish Danio rerio genetic model organism within the scientific research community continues to grow rapidly, continued procedural refinement to support high-quality, reproducible research and improve animal welfare remains an important focus. As such, anesthesia remains one of the most frequent procedures conducted. Here, we compared the effectiveness of clove oil (active ingredient eugenol) and AQUI-S (active ingredient iso-eugenol) with the currently most commonly used tricaine/MS-222 (ethyl 3-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate) and benzocaine anesthesia. We focused on embryos (1 day postfertilization), larvae (5 days postfertilization), and adults (9-11 months) and for the first time used exposure times that are the most relevant in research settings by using zebrafish as a genetic model system. For each age, tricaine and benzocaine achieved the most reproducible, robust anesthesia with the quickest induction and recovery. For some experimental procedures, specific clove oil concentrations in embryos and larvae may represent suitable alternatives. Although different aquatic species at specific ages respond differentially to these agents, the systematic study of comparable effective dosages for procedures most commonly employed represent an important step toward refinement.

中文翻译：

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丁香油和AQUI-S对斑马鱼胚胎，幼虫和成人麻醉的功效。

由于在科研界中斑马鱼Danio rerio遗传模型生物的使用持续快速增长，因此继续进行程序完善以支持高质量，可重复的研究并改善动物福利仍然是重要的重点。因此，麻醉仍然是执行最频繁的程序之一。在这里，我们将丁香油（活性成分丁香酚）和AQUI-S（活性成分异丁香酚）与当前最常用的曲卡因/ MS-222（3-氨基苯甲酸乙酯甲磺酸乙酯）和苯佐卡因麻醉的效果进行了比较。我们专注于胚胎（受精后1天），幼虫（受精后5天）和成年（9-11个月），并首次使用斑马鱼作为遗传模型系统，首次使用了与研究环境最相关的暴露时间。对于每个年龄段 曲卡因和苯佐卡因麻醉实现了最可重复，最稳定的麻醉，诱导和恢复最快。对于某些实验程序，胚胎和幼虫中特定的丁香油浓度可能是合适的替代方法。尽管在特定年龄不同的水生生物对这些药剂的反应不同，但是对最常用方法的可比较有效剂量的系统研究代表了迈向改良的重要一步。