OBJECTIVES To compare postnatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the reference standard computed tomography (CT) in the identification of the key features for diagnosing different types of congenital lung malformation (CLM). METHODS Respiratory-triggered T2-weighted single-shot turbo spin echo (ss-TSE), respiratory-triggered T1-weighted turbo field echo (TFE), balanced fast field echo (BFFE), and T2-weighted MultiVane sequences were performed at 1.5 T on 20 patients prospectively enrolled. Two independent radiologists examined the postnatal CT and MRI evaluating the presence of cysts, hyperinflation, solid component, abnormal arteries and/or venous drainage, and bronchocele. Diagnostic performance of MRI was calculated and the agreement between the findings was assessed using the McNemar-Bowker test. Interobserver agreement was measured with the kappa coefficient. RESULTS CT reported five congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAMs), eight segmental bronchial atresias, five bronchopulmonary sequestrations (BPS), one congenital lobar overinflation, one bronchogenic cyst, and three hybrid lesions. MRI reported the correct diagnosis in 19/20 (95%) patients and the malformation was correctly classified in 22/23 cases (96%). MRI correctly identified all the key findings described on the CT except for the abnormal vascularization (85.7% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, 94.1% NPV, 95% accuracy for arterial vessels; 57.1% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, 84.2% NPV, 87% accuracy for venous drainage). CONCLUSIONS MRI can represent an effective alternative to CT in the postnatal assessment of CLM. In order to further narrow the gap with CT, the use of contrast material and improvements in sequence design are needed to obtain detailed information on vascularization, which is essential for surgical planning. KEY POINTS • Congenital lung malformations (CLMs) can be effectively studied by MRI avoiding radiation exposure. • Crucial features of CLM have similar appearance when comparing CT with MRI. • MRI performs very well in CLM except for aberrant vessel detection and characterization.

中文翻译：

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先天性肺畸形产后评估中磁共振成像与计算机断层扫描之间的一致性：一项前瞻性研究。

目的比较出生后磁共振成像（MRI）和参考标准计算机断层扫描（CT），以鉴别诊断不同类型的先天性肺畸形（CLM）的关键特征。方法在1.5的条件下进行了呼吸触发的T2加权单发涡轮自旋回波（ss-TSE），呼吸触发的T1加权涡轮场回波（TFE），平衡快速场回波（BFFE）和T2加权MultiVane序列。前瞻性纳入20例患者。两名独立的放射科医生检查了产后的CT和MRI，评估是否存在囊肿，过度充气，固体成分，动脉和/或静脉引流异常以及支气管扩张。计算了MRI的诊断性能，并使用McNemar-Bowker检验评估了发现之间的一致性。观察者之间的一致性用卡伯系数来衡量。结果CT报告了5个先天性肺气道畸形（CPAM），8个节段性支气管闭锁，5个支气管肺隔离症（BPS），1个先天性肺叶过度充气，1个支气管囊肿和3个混合病变。MRI报告19/20（95％）患者正确诊断，畸形正确分类为22/23（96％）。MRI正确识别了CT上描述的所有关键发现，除了异常血管生成（85.7％的敏感性，100％的特异性，100％的PPV，94.1％的NPV，对动脉血管的准确性为95％; 57.1％的敏感性，100％的特异性，100％ PPV，NPV为84.2％，静脉引流准确度为87％）。结论在产后CLM评估中，MRI可以替代CT有效。为了进一步缩小与CT的差距，需要使用造影剂和序列设计方面的改进来获得有关血管化的详细信息，这对手术计划至关重要。要点•可以通过MRI有效地研究先天性肺畸形（CLM），避免辐射暴露。•将CT与MRI进行比较时，CLM的关键特征具有相似的外观。•MRI在CLM中的表现非常出色，除了异常血管的检测和表征。•将CT与MRI进行比较时，CLM的关键特征具有相似的外观。•MRI在CLM中的表现非常出色，除了异常血管的检测和表征。•将CT与MRI进行比较时，CLM的关键特征具有相似的外观。•MRI在CLM中的表现非常出色，除了异常血管的检测和表征。