Purpose: To elucidate the association between developmental stage of human figure drawing(HFD) and fine motor control, visual perception, and further investigate its potential to be used for screening developmental delay.

Methods: Participants were 301 children at 5½ years of age, 176 born preterm and 125 at term, whose HFDs were categorized into six developmental stages. Motor-Free-Visual-Perception Test, Movement-ABC, Performance Intelligence Quotient (PIQ: Wechsler Scale), and the Visual-Motor Integration test were used. Fine motor functions were explored using ImageJ.

Results: Age-expected HFDs were drawn by 87% of the children, while 13%, mostly preterm boys, drew immature ones. Stages of HFD were related to both PIQ and Movement-ABC. Visuomotor control and visual perception significantly explained the HFD. The sensitivity and specificity of HFD as a screening tool was moderate to good.

Conclusions: HFD is influenced by visual perception and visuomotor control and can be used for screening developmental delay at preschool age.

目的：阐明人像绘图（HFD）的发育阶段与精细运动控制，视觉感知之间的联系，并进一步研究其在筛选发育迟缓中的潜力。

方法：参与者为5.5岁以下的301名儿童，早产的176名，足月的125名，他们的HFDs分为六个发育阶段。使用了无运动视觉感知测试，运动ABC，性能智能商（PIQ：Wechsler Scale）和视觉运动集成测试。使用ImageJ探索了精细的运动功能。

结果： 87％的儿童抽取了预期年龄的HFD，而未成年人则为13％（主要是早产男孩）。HFD的阶段与PIQ和Movement-ABC相关。视觉运动控制和视觉感知可以明显解释HFD。HFD作为筛查工具的敏感性和特异性中等至良好。

结论： HFD受视觉和视觉运动控制的影响，可用于筛查学龄前儿童发育迟缓。