PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss treatments used to enhance growth in pediatric patients with short stature. RECENT FINDINGS New data confirm the known efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and idiopathic short stature. The latest data from the Safety and Appropriateness of Growth hormone Treatment in Europe cohort did not indicate a long-term risk of malignancy in those treated for isolated GHD, but possibly increased risk in those with other diagnoses. Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor 1 is effective in treating patients with pregnancy-associated plasma protein A2 deficiency. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists or aromatase inhibitor treatment to delay puberty remains controversial. They are more likely to augment adult height if combined with rhGH treatment in children already receiving rhGH. Preliminary data indicate that recombinant C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is safe in children and increases growth velocity upon 42 months of treatment in achondroplasia. SUMMARY Recent data confirms previous data on rhGH efficacy and safety. Therapies to delay growth plate closure have greatest efficacy to augment height if combined with GH in select diagnoses. Recombinant CNP holds promise as a medical treatment for short stature associated with achondroplasia.

中文翻译：

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更新促进增长的方法。

审查的目的讨论用于提高身材矮小儿病患者生长的治疗方法。最新发现新数据证实了重组人生长激素（rhGH）在生长激素缺乏症（GHD）和特发性矮小身材方面的已知功效。欧洲队列研究的安全性和生长激素治疗的适当性的最新数据并未显示接受单独GHD治疗的患者的长期恶性肿瘤风险，但可能会增加患有其他诊断的患者的恶性肿瘤风险。重组人胰岛素样生长因子1可有效治疗妊娠相关血浆蛋白A2缺乏症的患者。促性腺激素释放激素激动剂或芳香化酶抑制剂治疗延迟青春期仍存在争议。如果已经接受rhGH的儿童与rhGH治疗相结合，他们更有可能增加成人身高。初步数据表明，重组C型利尿钠肽（CNP）对儿童是安全的，并且在软骨发育不全的患者中治疗42个月后，其生长速度得以提高。总结最近的数据证实了有关rhGH有效性和安全性的先前数据。如果在某些诊断中与GH结合使用，延迟生长板闭合的疗法在增加身高方面具有最大的功效。重组CNP有望作为治疗与软骨发育不良相关的矮小身材的药物。如果在某些诊断中与GH结合使用，延迟生长板闭合的疗法在增加身高方面具有最大的功效。重组CNP有望作为治疗与软骨发育不良相关的矮小身材的药物。如果在某些诊断中与GH结合使用，延迟生长板闭合的疗法在增加身高方面具有最大的功效。重组CNP有望作为治疗与软骨发育不良相关的矮小身材的药物。