FTY720 (Fingolimod) is a known sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist that exerts strong anti-inflammatory effects and was approved as the first oral drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2010. FTY720 is mainly associated with unique functional “antagonist” and “agonist” mechanisms. The functional antagonistic mechanism is mediated by the transient down-regulation and degradation of S1P receptors on lymphocytes, which prevents lymphocytes from entering the blood stream from the lymph node. This subsequently results in the development of lymphopenia and reduces lymphocytic inflammation. Functional agonistic mechanisms are executed through S1P receptors expressed on the surface of various cells including neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and blood vessel endothelial cells. These functions might play important roles in regulating anti-apoptotic systems, modulating brain immune and phagocytic activities, preserving the Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB), and the proliferation of neural precursor cells. Recently, FTY720 have shown receptor-independent effects, including intracellular target bindings and epigenetic modulations. Many researchers have recognized the positive effects of FTY720 and launched basic and clinical experiments to test the use of this agent against stroke. Although the mechanism of FTY720 has not been fully elucidated, its efficacy against cerebral stroke is becoming clear, not only in animal models, but also in ischemic stroke patients through clinical trials. In this article, we review the data obtained from laboratory findings and preliminary clinical trials using FTY720 for stroke treatment.

FTY720（芬戈莫德）是一种已知的1-磷酸鞘氨醇（S1P）受体激动剂，具有很强的抗炎作用，2010年被美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准为第一个治疗多发性硬化症的口服药物FTY720主要与独特的功能性“拮抗剂”和“激动剂”机制有关。功能性拮抗机制是通过淋巴细胞上S1P受体的短暂下调和降解介导的，从而阻止淋巴细胞从淋巴结进入血流。随后导致淋巴细胞减少并减少淋巴细胞炎症。功能性激动机制是通过神经元、星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞和血管内皮细胞等各种细胞表面表达的 S1P 受体执行的。这些功能可能在调节抗凋亡系统、调节脑免疫和吞噬细胞活性、保护血脑屏障（BBB）以及神经前体细胞的增殖方面发挥重要作用。最近，FTY720 显示出不依赖于受体的效应，包括细胞内靶标结合和表观遗传调节。许多研究人员已经认识到FTY720的积极作用，并开展了基础和临床实验来测试该药物对抗中风的用途。尽管FTY720的作用机制尚未完全阐明，但其抗脑卒中的功效正在变得越来越明确，不仅在动物模型中，而且通过临床试验在缺血性卒中患者中也得到了证实。在本文中，我们回顾了从使用 FTY720 治疗中风的实验室研究结果和初步临床试验中获得的数据。