Interest in applications and benefits that Molecular Pharming might offer to Low and Middle Income Countries has always been a potent driver for the research discipline, and a major reason why many scientists entered the field. Although enthusiasm remains high, the reality is that such a game-changing innovation would always take longer than traditional uptake of new technology in developed countries, and be complicated by external factors beyond technical feasibility. Excitingly, signs of increasing interest by LMICS in Molecular Pharming are now emerging. Here, three case studies from Thailand, South Africa and Brazil are used to identify some of the key issues when a new investment into Molecular Pharming manufacturing capacity is under consideration. At present, academic research is not necessarily addressing these issues. Only by understanding the concerns, can members of the academic community contribute to helping the development of Molecular Pharming for LMICs by focusing their research efforts appropriately.

中文翻译：

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低收入和中等收入国家的分子制药。

对分子药物可能为中低收入国家提供的应用和收益的兴趣一直是研究领域的强大动力，也是许多科学家进入该领域的主要原因。尽管人们的热情仍然很高，但现实是，这种改变游戏规则的创新总会比发达国家对传统技术的传统采用要花费更长的时间，并且会受到技术可行性之外的外部因素的影响。令人兴奋的是，LMICS对分子药物的兴趣正在增加。在这里，来自泰国，南非和巴西的三个案例研究用于确定正在考虑对分子药物制造能力进行新投资的一些关键问题。目前，学术研究并不一定解决这些问题。