PROBLEM Cytokines are immune response mediators that play an important role in the regulation of reproductive functions. An association between cytokines and peroxisome proliferator receptors (PPARs) has been reported in various tissues, including the endometrium. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of PPARα ligands on the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and LIF) in the porcine endometrium in different reproductive stages. METHODS OF STUDY Endometrial slices were collected from gilts on days 10-12 or 14-16 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. Endometrial tissue explants were incubated in vitro in the presence or absence of PPARα agonist WY-14643 and antagonist MK886. Expression of mRNA and protein for NF-ĸB and selected cytokines was evaluated by real-time PCR and immunoblot. RESULTS PPARα agonist WY-14643 decreased the mRNA expression of NF-κB in most of the analyzed stages (excluding days 10-12 of the estrous cycle), but increased the expression of NF-κB protein (excluding days 14-16 of pregnancy). The WY-14643 increased expression of IL-1β and IL-6 proteins, and the mRNA expression of IL-8 and LIF, decreased IL-4 expression, and did not affect the mRNA and protein expression of IL-10. CONCLUSION The obtained results demonstrate that PPARα is involved in the regulation of NF-κB and cytokine expression in the porcine endometrium. PPARα ligands exert a varied influence on immune system components, which could be attributed to differences in the receptivity of porcine endometrial tissue during the reproductive cycle.

中文翻译：

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过氧化物酶体增殖物激活的受体α在发情周期和早期妊娠期间调节猪子宫内膜中免疫反应介质的表达。

问题细胞因子是免疫应答介质，在调节生殖功能中起重要作用。已经在包括子宫内膜在内的各种组织中报道了细胞因子与过氧化物酶体增殖物受体（PPAR）之间的关联。本研究旨在评估PPARα配体对核因子κB（NF-κB）和细胞因子（白介素[IL]-1β，IL-4，IL-6，IL-8，IL-10，和LIF）在猪的子宫内膜处于不同生殖阶段。研究方法在动情周期和妊娠的第10-12或14-16天从后备母猪收集子宫内膜切片。子宫内膜组织外植体在存在或不存在PPARα激动剂WY-14643和拮抗剂MK886的情况下进行体外培养。通过实时PCR和免疫印迹评估NF-κB和选定的细胞因子的mRNA和蛋白质的表达。结果PPARα激动剂WY-14643在大多数分析阶段（发情周期的第10-12天除外）降低了NF-κB的mRNA表达，但增加了NF-κB蛋白的表达（不包括妊娠的14-16天）。 。WY-14643增加IL-1β和IL-6蛋白的表达，IL-8和LIF的mRNA表达，降低IL-4的表达，并且不影响IL-10的mRNA和蛋白表达。结论所得结果表明PPARα参与猪子宫内膜的NF-κB调节和细胞因子表达。PPARα配体对免疫系统成分有多种影响，