The design process in preventive and prospective ergonomic contexts requires creativity. However, user-centered methods are not usually aimed at supporting creative design. We therefore devised two variants of the seminal brainstorming technique to favor ideation during design activities. One variant encouraged participants to focus on the evocation of ideas, like the seminal technique, whereas the other emphasized the evocation of constraints related to the design problem. To analyze the effects of these variants on creative design, we conducted three studies: one with future designers (Study 1), one with future generalist teachers (Study 2), and one with future teachers specializing in creative activities (Study 3). Depending on the study, participants were provided with idea evocation instructions, constraint evocation instructions, or no specific instructions. Results allowed us to identify the best conditions for promoting creativity in design, depending on the individual's specialty or the complexity of the design task.

中文翻译：

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集思广益的变体以支持创意设计。

在预防性和预期性的人体工程学环境中的设计过程需要创造力。但是，以用户为中心的方法通常不旨在支持创意设计。因此，我们设计了开创性头脑风暴技术的两种变体，以在设计活动中支持构思。一种变体鼓励参与者像开创性技术一样专注于观念的唤起，而另一种则强调与设计问题相关的约束的唤起。为了分析这些变体对创意设计的影响，我们进行了三项研究：一项与未来设计师（研究1），一项与未来通才教师（研究2）和一项与未来从事创意活动的教师有关的研究（研究3）。根据研究的不同，向参与者提供了灵感激发指令，约束激发指令，或没有具体说明。结果使我们能够根据个人的专业或设计任务的复杂性，确定促进设计创造力的最佳条件。