Fruit flies in the genus Bactrocera are among the most destructive insect pests of fruits and vegetables throughout the world. A number of studies have identified volatiles from fruit flies, but few reports have demonstrated behavioral effects or sensitivities of fly antennae to these compounds. We applied a recently developed method of automated headspace analysis using SPME (Solid Phase Microextraction) fibers and GC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry), termed SSGA, to reveal volatiles specific to each sex of B. zonata that are emitted in a diel periodicity. The volatiles released primarily at dusk were identified by GC-MS and chemical syntheses as several spiroacetals, pyrazines, and ethyl esters. Solvent extraction of male rectal glands or airborne collections from each sex, followed by GC-MS, showed that certain of the volatiles increase or decrease in quantity sex-specifically with age of the flies. Electroantennographic (EAG) analysis of dose-response indicates differences in sensitivities of male and female antenna to the various volatiles. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the volatile chemicals produced and released by B. zonata and their antennal responses. The possible pheromone and semiochemical roles of the various volatiles released by each sex and the difficulties of establishing behavioral functions are discussed.

中文翻译：

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桃果蝇小实蝇Bactrocera zonata的雄性和雌性挥发性排放的狄尔节律。

Bactrocera属中的果蝇是全世界水果和蔬菜中最具破坏性的害虫之一。许多研究已经鉴定出果蝇中的挥发物，但是很少有报道证明蝇触角对这些化合物的行为影响或敏感性。我们应用了最近开发的使用SPME（固相微萃取）纤维和GC-MS（气相色谱质谱）的自动顶空分析方法（称为SSGA），揭示了以Diel周期性排放的特定于条带双歧杆菌的挥发性物质。 。GC-MS和化学合成方法将主要在黄昏释放的挥发物鉴定为几种螺缩醛，吡嗪和乙酯。从各性别中溶剂提取男性直肠腺或空降器官，然后进行GC-MS，结果表明，某些挥发物的数量随蝇龄的不同而按性别增加或减少。剂量反应的电造影（EAG）分析表明，雄性和雌性天线对各种挥发物的敏感性不同。我们的研究对B. zonata产生和释放的挥发性化学物质及其触角反应进行了全面分析。讨论了每种性别释放的各种挥发物可能的信息素和信息化学作用，以及建立行为功能的困难。我们的研究对B. zonata产生和释放的挥发性化学物质及其触角反应进行了全面分析。讨论了每种性别释放的各种挥发物可能的信息素和信息化学作用，以及建立行为功能的困难。我们的研究对B. zonata产生和释放的挥发性化学物质及其触角反应进行了全面分析。讨论了每种性别释放的各种挥发物可能的信息素和信息化学作用，以及建立行为功能的困难。