INTRODUCTION The aim of this paper is to examine gender differences in the occurrence of accidents among workers while walking to or from their workplace (non-vehicle commuting accidents). We have previously found that the lower limb is more often injured at work among women, compared to men, so the paper concentrates on lower limb injuries. METHODS Using the records of the National Institute for Insurance against Injuries at Work (INAIL), we focused on the non-vehicle commuting accidents of women and men recognized as work-related for the period 2013-2017. In particular, we examined the gender difference by work sector and type of trauma suffered with particular attention to lower limb injuries. RESULTS The rate of non-vehicle commuting accidents (n. 60,936) among women was significantly higher than for men (1.29‰ vs 0.40‰ men, p < 0.001) for the period studied. Lower limb injuries (50.5% for women and 43.7% for men, p < 0.001) constituted the large majority of these injuries. In particular, dislocation of the ankle (78% for women vs 65.5% for men, p < 0.001), bruise of the knee (71.2% for women vs 54.9% for men, p < 0.001) and fracture of the foot (41% for women vs 33.6% for men, p < 0.001) were all significantly higher among women. The work sectors with higher injury rates were: Transport and Warehouse, Public Administration, Health and care services and Wholesale and retail trade. This result may be due to wear and tear from conditions at work. The women injured were on the average, a decade older than men (50-59 vs 40-49 years old). CONCLUSIONS Non-vehicle commuting represents an important, albeight neglected, preventable risk for women workers, causing lower limb trauma particularly at the ankle, the foot and the knee. These areas may be particularly injure-prone among women in specific sectors, due to the work environment. Effective prevention of these injuries requires gender-oriented ergonomic actions at work and in the commuting environment.

中文翻译：

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意大利的非乘车上下班：女性下肢需要进行人体工程学动作吗？

引言本文的目的是研究在工人上下班途中发生事故时的性别差异（非车辆通勤事故）。我们先前已经发现，与男性相比，女性在工作中下肢受伤的频率更高，因此本文着重于下肢的受伤。方法使用美国国家工伤保险局（INAIL）的记录，我们重点研究了2013-2017年间被认为与工作有关的男女非通勤通勤事故。特别是，我们按工作领域和遭受的创伤类型研究了性别差异，并特别注意下肢受伤。结果女性非车辆通勤事故发生率（60,936）显着高于男性（1.29‰vs. 0.40‰，p <0）。001）。下肢受伤（女性为50.5％，男性为43.7％，p <0.001）占大多数。尤其是踝关节脱位（女性占78％，男性占65.5％，p <0.001），膝盖瘀伤（女性71.2％与男性54.9％，p <0.001）和足部骨折（41％）女性比男性33.6％，p <0.001）在女性中均显着更高。受伤率较高的工作部门是：运输和仓库，公共管理，卫生与护理服务以及批发和零售贸易。此结果可能是由于工作条件造成的磨损。受伤害的女性平均比男性大十岁（50-59岁对40-49岁）。结论非通勤对女工来说是一个重要的，被忽略的，可预防的风险，导致下肢创伤，尤其是脚踝，脚和膝盖。由于工作环境，这些领域在特定部门的妇女中尤其容易受伤。要有效地预防这些伤害，就需要在工作中和通勤环境中采取针对性别的人机工程学措施。