Because of their biofuel producing capabilities, algae (including microalgae and cyanobacteria) are effective and sustainable tools to attain energy security with a growing world population and for reduction of our current reliance on fossil fuels. Algal metabolic and genetic engineering could provide substantial advancements in producing novel and promising strains for the production of alternative biofuels. In this review, we have highlighted biotechnological strategies for microalgae and cyanobacteria that target the improvement of: (1) biosynthesis of biofuel precursors (fatty acid, TAGs, and lipids etc.), (2) carbon-capture ability to accumulate more lipids, and (3) engineering hydrogenases for augmented production of biohydrogen. Other strategies for improving quality and quantity of algal biofuels are also explored.

中文翻译：

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关于藻类的生物技术观点：下一代生物燃料的可行选择。

由于藻类（包括微藻和蓝细菌）的生物燃料生产能力，它们是有效且可持续的工具，可随着世界人口的增长实现能源安全，并减少我们目前对化石燃料的依赖。藻类代谢和基因工程可以在生产新型和有前途的菌株以生产替代生物燃料方面提供重大进展。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了微藻和蓝细菌的生物技术策略，这些策略的目标是改善以下方面：（1）生物燃料前体（脂肪酸，TAG和脂质等）的生物合成，（2）碳捕获能力以积累更多的脂质， （3）工程化氢酶以增加生物氢的产生。还探讨了改善藻类生物燃料质量和数量的其他策略。