Edaravone is a potent free radical scavenger that has a promising role in combating many acute lung injuries. Ischemia/reperfusion process is a serious condition that may lead to multiple organ dysfunctions. This work was designed to investigate novel mechanisms underlying ischemia/reperfusion-induced lung injury and to evaluate the protective role of edaravone. Thirty adult male rats were divided into three experimental groups; operated with no ischemia (Sham-group), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and edaravone-I/R group. Hind limb ischemia was carried out by clamping the femoral artery. After two hours of ischemia for the hind limb, the rat underwent 24h of reperfusion. Rats in the edaravone-I/R group received edaravone (3mg/kg), 30min before induction of ischemia. At the end of the I/R trial, specimens from the lungs were processed for histological, immunohistochemical, enzyme assay, and RT-qPCR studies. Specimens from I/R group showed focal disruption of the alveolar architecture. Extensive mononuclear cellular infiltration particularly with neutrophils and dilated congested blood capillaries were observed. A significant increase in iNOS, NF-κB, and COX-2 immunoreaction was detected and confirmed by RT-qPCR. Ultrastructural examination showed RBCs and fluid inside alveoli, cellular infiltration, and vacuolations of the inter-alveolar septum. In addition to the presence of extravasated neutrophils and RBCs within the inter-alveolar septum. In contrast, minimal changes were observed in rats which received edaravone before the onset of the ischemia. It could be concluded that edaravone exerted a potent protective effect against lung injury induced by a hind limb I/R in rats through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

中文翻译：

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依达拉奉减轻后肢缺血-再灌注大鼠模型的肺损伤：组织学，免疫组化和生化研究。

依达拉奉是一种有效的自由基清除剂，在抵抗许多急性肺损伤方面具有广阔的前景。缺血/再灌注过程是一种严重的疾病，可能导致多器官功能障碍。这项工作旨在调查缺血/再灌注诱导的肺损伤的潜在新机制，并评估依达拉奉的保护作用。将三十只成年雄性大鼠分为三个实验组。无缺血（假手术组），缺血/再灌注（I / R）组和依达拉奉-I / R组手术。后肢缺血是通过夹紧股动脉来进行的。后肢缺血两个小时后，大鼠进行了24小时的再灌注。依达拉奉-I / R组的大鼠在诱导缺血前30分钟接受依达拉奉（3mg / kg）。在I / R试用期结束时，对来自肺部的标本进行了组织学，免疫组织化学，酶测定和RT-qPCR研究。I / R组的标本显示了肺泡结构的局灶性破坏。观察到广泛的单核细胞浸润，尤其是嗜中性粒细胞和扩张的充血毛细血管。RT-qPCR检测并证实iNOS，NF-κB和COX-2免疫反应显着增加。超微结构检查显示肺泡内的红细胞和液体，细胞浸润以及肺泡间隔的空泡化。除存在于肺泡间隔内外，还存在渗出的中性粒细胞和红细胞。相反，在缺血发作前接受依达拉奉的大鼠中观察到最小的变化。